Nano Selenium: Reduction of severe hazards of Atrazine and promotion of changes in growth and gene expression patterns on Vicia faba seedlings

Abstract

Atrazine is a widely used herbicide on many crops and is considered one of water pollutant with approved biological hazards on plants, animals and human. Vicia faba seedlings as a biological system, is used to investigate the genotoxicity of Atrazine. Also, Nano selenium (N-Se), a Nano particle with reactive oxygen species scavenging activity was applied to reduce the genotoxicity of Atrazine. Atrazine treatment at concentration of 35 mg/L is applied. Two concentrations of N-Se (10 and 20 ppm) were used alone and in combination with Atrazine (35 mg/L) in addition to control treatment. Changes in germination percentage, shoot and root length, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) content, lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), chromosomal aberrations, and mitotic index were determined. Semi quantitative RT-PCR analysis (sqRT-PCR) was applied to investigate associated changes in expression pattern of some stress related genes such as antioxidant enzymes, heat shock proteins (HSP17.9, HSP70.1), photosystem II (PSII) and Metalothioniene (MT). Atrazine treatment recorded the lowest germination percentage and caused a reduction in shoot and root length. Significant increase in H 2 O 2 value, MDA contents, and chromosomal abnormalities percent resulted in Atrazine treatment. Noticeable suppression in expression level of all studied genes was accompanied with Atrazine treatment. N-Se, in its two concentrations with Atrazine causing a reduction in all severe effects of Atrazine and improving seedlings performance. Treatments with N-Se induced the expression of MT gene with increase in expression level alongside increase in the concentration of N-Se. This is one of rare studies that investigate the biological effects of N-Se in vivo anti-mutagenesis of Atrazine as well as a first record of Nano metalic particles N-Se as inducer for MT genes.

Ameliorating effect of nanoparticles and seeds’ heat pre-treatment on soybean plants exposed to sea water salinity

“…1 ). After treatment with nanoparticles, the protective status of plants improves and the oxidative load of ROS in stressed plants decreases [ 15 , 19 ].…”

“…Note that CAs were reduced by both nanoparticles’ treatments (N1 and N2) used in this study ( Table 4 ). It was recorded also that nanoselenium has a recovery effects against the toxic herbicide (Atrazine) in Vicia faba plants at low concentration (10 ppm) in regard to the MI and CAs [ 19 ].…”

“…Mitotic index (MI), mitotic phases' indices (MP), and the numbers and types of chromosomal abnormalities were scored in at least 3000 examined cells per treatment (∼1000 cells/replicate) using the light microscope (PT/Slope, Pearl, England). MI and the percentage of cells with chromosomal abnormalities (abnormal cells, AC) were calculated using the following formulas [ 19 ]: MI = (Total dividing cells/Total dividing and non-dividing cells) × 100 AC = (Total abnormal cells/Total dividing cells) × 100 …”

“…Moreover, the potential benefits of nanoparticle applications have been suggested as a new strategy to improve plant growth and performance under salinity stress [ 16 , 17 ]. In addition, modulation in the expression patterns of some defense involved genes was caused by some nanoparticle treatments [ [18] , [19] , [20] ].…”

Promising Eco-Friendly Nanoparticles for Managing Bottom Rot Disease in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. longifolia)

“…Membrane stability was assessed by measuring lipid peroxidation products, indicated by thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive substances equivalent to malondialdehyde (MDA), following [44]. Electrolyte leakage (EL) from leaf tissue was measured using a conductivity meter (Adwa-AD32).…”