Nano-spheres stabilized poly(vinyl phosphonic acid) as proton conducting membranes for PEMFCs

Jiang, Fengjing; Kaltbeitzel, Anke; Zhang, Junliang; Meyer, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.05.050

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, the functional group featuring phosphorus is often at a relatively significant distance from the polymerized functional group (i.e., in most cases these are olefins for chain growth and polar functional groups for step-growth polymerizations). Phosphorus-containing polymers show high biocompatibility − and find use in dental adhesives, bone concrete, − ion-exchange resins, fuel cells, − and halogen-free flame retardants, , to name just a few of the more common applications. , The most prominent examples of phosphorus-containing synthetic polymers are shown in Scheme , and a variety of other polymers with phosphorus are presented in the literature. ,− …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earth Metal-Mediated Precision Polymerization of Vinylphosphonates and Conjugated Nitrogen-Containing Vinyl Monomers

Soller

Salzinger²,

Rieger

2015

Chem. Rev.

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This review focuses on introducing and explaining the rare earth metal-mediated group transfer polymerization (REM-GTP) of polar monomers and is composed of three main sections: poly(vinylphosphonate)s, surface-initiated group transfer polymerization (SI-GTP), and extension to N-coordinating Michael-type monomers (2-vinylpridine (2VP), 2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline (IPOx)). The poly(vinylphosphonate)s section is divided into two parts: radical, anionic, and silyl ketene acetal group transfer polymerization (SKA-GTP) of vinylphosphonates in comparison to REM-GTP, and properties of poly(vinylphosphonate)s. The mechanism of vinylphosphonate REM-GTP is discussed in detail for initiation and propagation including activation enthalpies ΔH(‡) and entropies ΔS(‡) according to the Eyring equation. SI-GTP is presented as a method for surface functionalization, and recent trends for 2VP and IPOx polymerization are summarized. This review will serve as a good resource or guideline for researchers who are currently working in the field of rare earth metal mediated polymerization catalysis as well as for those who are interested in beginning to employ rare earth metal complexes for the synthesis of new materials from polar monomers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earth Metal-Mediated Precision Polymerization of Vinylphosphonates and Conjugated Nitrogen-Containing Vinyl Monomers

Soller

Salzinger²,

Rieger

2015

Chem. Rev.

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“…The effect of the basic polymeric component in the composite with PVPA was studied by Zhang and Coll. on the example of PVPA-treated SiO 2 /poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP, Scheme 42 ) nanocomposite [ 170 ]. PVP-decorated SiO 2 nanoparticles (diameter of the silica core 7–10 nm), containing 94 wt% of PVP, were treated by aq.…”

Section: Properties and Applications Of Sidechain Pcpasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Synthesis and Actual Applications of the Polymers Containing Acidic P–OH Fragments: Part 2—Sidechain Phosphorus-Containing Polyacids

Nifant’ev

Ivchenko

2023

IJMS

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Macromolecules containing acidic fragments in side-groups—polyacids—occupy a special place among synthetic polymers. Properties and applications of polyacids are directly related to the chemical structure of macromolecules: the nature of the acidic groups, polymer backbone, and spacers between the main chain and acidic groups. The chemical nature of the phosphorus results in the diversity of acidic >P(O)OH fragments in sidechain phosphorus-containing polyacids (PCPAs) that can be derivatives of phosphoric or phosphinic acids. Sidechain PCPAs have many similarities with other polyacids. However, due to the relatively high acidity of –P(O)(OH)2 fragment, bone and mineral affinity, and biocompatibility, sidechain PCPAs have immense potential for diverse applications. Synthetic approaches to sidechain PCPAs also have their own specifics. All these issues are discussed in the present review.

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“…[49] Note the primary absorptions of PVPA, such as P═O stretching (1300-1150 cm −1 ) and P─OH stretching (1010-800 cm −1 ), were not available because absorptions of silica nanoparticles were observed in the same range (1800-1300 cm −1 ). [50,51] Then, after the neutralization of PVPA and Im, silica@PVPA/Im, silica@PVPA/Im/PAA, silica@PVPA/Im/PS, and silica@PVPA/Im/PAA-b-PS showed noticeable absorption peaks such as N─H out-of-plane bending of Im at 630 cm −1 , protonated heterocyclic ring (HImH + ) at 1590 cm −1 , and N─H absorption peak of Im at 3100 cm −1 (Figure S2, Supporting Information). [45] This indicates that the acid-base pair was maintained after the second-step RAFT PwP.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Fabrication Technique of Polymeric Ionic Liquids‐Coated Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Polymer Electrolyte Membranes

Tabata,

Makino,

Matsuo

et al. 2023

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Nanoparticles and nanofibers are widely used as components of polymer electrolytes for membranes in fuel cells, and many surface modification methods are reported. However, some fabrication techniques are complicated, and it is necessary to develop a simplified and precise control method. Herein, a facile fabrication method is reported for core–shell nanoparticles hierarchically coated with polymeric ionic liquids (PIL) and hydrophobic polymers as a material for polymer electrolytes. A hierarchical polymer layer on the surface of the SiO2 nanoparticles is easily constructed by repeating the facile polymer‐coating technique based on precipitation polymerization several times. The highest proton conductivity of the core–shell nanoparticles is 1.3 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 80 °C and 95% relative humidity. Although the hydrophobic polymers coated as a protective layer reduce the proton conductivity, the formation of the PIL enhances the proton conductivity in various temperature and humidity environments. Therefore, the proposed method enables the facile fabrication of polymer layers with multiple functions, such as a proton‐conductive PIL layer and hydrophobic polymer layers as protective layers on the surface of the nanoparticles. Furthermore, they are expected to be applied to energy supply and gas separation, including polyelectrolytes, for the realization of a sustainable society.

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Nano-spheres stabilized poly(vinyl phosphonic acid) as proton conducting membranes for PEMFCs

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Rare Earth Metal-Mediated Precision Polymerization of Vinylphosphonates and Conjugated Nitrogen-Containing Vinyl Monomers

Rare Earth Metal-Mediated Precision Polymerization of Vinylphosphonates and Conjugated Nitrogen-Containing Vinyl Monomers

Design, Synthesis and Actual Applications of the Polymers Containing Acidic P–OH Fragments: Part 2—Sidechain Phosphorus-Containing Polyacids

Facile Fabrication Technique of Polymeric Ionic Liquids‐Coated Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Polymer Electrolyte Membranes

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