Nano-transethosomes: A Novel Tool for Drug Delivery through Skin

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery has become a popular tool from last few years. It overcomes drawbacks which are encountered with the oral route. Though very few routes are as attractive as transdermal route, transport of drug through the skin is challenging. In order to overcome the challenges, researchers have found a system in which the drug is encapsulated into the vesicle and these vesicles can penetrate deeper into the skin to hit the target site. Hence, better skin penetration of bioactive agents can be achieved. Vesicular systems like liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes and Transferosomes tend to remain accumulated in the skin layers. Since Transethosomes have small particle size and can easily alter the shape of vesicle as compared with other vesicular systems; it can penetrate through the layers of skin. Hence, the drug encapsulated into Transethosomes can easily reach the target site. Transethosomes consist of ethanol, phospholipids along with an edge activator. Ethanol and edge activator help to enhance skin permeation of Transethosomes. Since it is a non-invasive technique, it improves patient compliance. It also increases drug entrapment efficiency. These vesicles can accommodate different variety of drugs such as anticancer, corticosteroids, proteins and peptides, analgesics.

Newfangled Topical Film-Forming Solution for Facilitated Antifungal Therapy: Design, Development, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation

“…High or low viscosity results in breaking or nonuniform film formation; hence viscosity is one of the most significant rheological parameters that needs to be considered while preparing polymeric in situ films. Viscosity affects the physical characteristics, application, use, and in vivo performance of the topical FFS [ 22 , 38 , 39 ]. Viscosity is the major significant factor that determines the drying time of the film post application and greatly affects its retention time onto the skin.…”

“…The samples were equilibrated for 10 min before the measurement; moreover, the instrument was equipped with a temperature control unit. An average of three readings was taken for all the formulations [ 22 ].…”

Transethosomes: Novel Technology for Skin Delivery of Drugs

“…Mechanical dispersion, cold procedure, and hot method are all methods for producing transethosomes. The cold approach is the most often used technique [3].…”

Potential of Lipid-Based Nanocarriers against Two Major Barriers to Drug Delivery—Skin and Blood–Brain Barrier

“…The presence of the alcohol amount in the vesicular system also controls its diameter, as it provides a net negative charge to the vesicle surface by reducing its size [ 79 ]. Transethosomes can be prepared by various methods such as ethanol injection, the thin-layer hydration method, cold, direct and reverse-phase evaporation methods [ 80 ]. Transethosomes are stable, non-invasive vesicles having a high patient compliance as they can be administered in semisolid dosage forms such as gels, creams, lotions, etc.…”