Nano‐WO₃‐SO₃H as a New Photocatalyst Insight Through Covalently Grafted Brønsted Acid: Highly Efficient Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohols to Aldehydes

Abstract

Modification of nano‐WO3 with −SO3H groups as a covalently grafted solid acid reduced its band‐gap energy from 2.8 to 2.4 eV and made it an ideal nominee for photocatalytic reaction under visible light irradiation. This nano‐photocatalyst has been successfully used for the selective oxidation of different benzyl alcohols to corresponding aldehydes under blue LED irradiation. The reaction became approximately two times faster with excellent yields. It has shown that the nitrobenzene as an available industrial oxidant is applicable for photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol; remarkably high yield and selectivity have been observed.

Plasma Treatment as a Promising Environmentally Benign Approach for Synthesis of Valuable Multi‐gas Doped Nano‐TiO2‐P25: An Efficient Way to Boost the Photocatalytic Performance under Visible Light Illumination

“…Characterization data such as AFM, BET, DRS, PL and UV‐vis can be exploited to prove the photocatalytic activity escalation. It should be noted that each individual analysis can be helpful for the recognition of photoactivity; therefore, a variety of data were gathered together in this section for presenting comprehensive facts and better perception of the subject (93).…”

An Efficient and Robust Method for Selective Conversion of Aniline to Azobenzene Using nano‐TiO2‐P25‐SO3H, under Visible Light Irradiation

“…It is obvious, incorporation -SO 3 H for modifying the nanophotocatalyst surface is highly likely to result in a substantial decrease in band gap as well as red-shift occurrence; as a consequence, photocatalytic activity of modified nano-TiO 2 -P25 has been increased along visible wavelengths. Figure 2 illustrates the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of nano-TiO 2 -P25 and nano-TiO 2 -P25-SO 3 H. PL intensity is likely to provide the opportunity to detect the photogenerated electrons and holes recombination rate (33)(34)(35). Appearing the PL emission spectrum is a consequence of the recombination of photoinduced holes and electrons.…”

“…In the case of nano‐TiO 2 ‐P25, the band gap considerably declined from 3.1 to 2.6 eV and for nano‐WO 3 , from 2.8 to 2.4 eV as a result of immobilizing of ‐SO 3 H groups on the surface of photocatalysts. These new photocatalysts have been efficiently employed for the conversion of diverse benzyl alcohols to associated aldehydes with excellent yields under blue LED lamp at λ ˃ 420 nm (29‐30).…”

Selective photocatalytic oxidation of aromatic alcohols to aldehydes with air by magnetic WO3ZnO/Fe3O4. In situ photochemical synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles

“…[2][3][4][5][6] Among various organic transformations, the selective photochemical oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds is of prime importance due to its signicant role in the synthesis of a variety of ne chemicals, confectionaries, fragrances, and pharmaceutical industries. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] A photocatalyst is capable of absorbing light and producing electron-hole pairs to force chemical reactions. 18 Among the various photocatalysts, a great deal of attention has been paid to semiconducting metal oxides because of their compatible band gap in the visible region.…”