Nanobiotechnology Solutions againstAedes aegypti

Abstract

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)/United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)/ World Bank/World Health Organization (WHO) implemented the Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) program with excellent results; however, due to current challenges, this active program requires new and innovative solutions. Nowadays, Aedes aegyptis-borne diseases can be added among neglected diseases. Surveillance and control must be considered owing to a great risk of infection with dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses. Although investigations on several vaccines are in progress, new insights in term of development of drugs that evade from resistance are of paramount importance. Nanobiotechnology appears as one of the most innovative strategy in the search of new uses for old pharmaceuticals or in the development of innovative and intelligent nanomedicines for neglected diseases. Liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, quantum dots, carbon dots and carbon nanotubes were the focus of the current advances. In this direction, we have focused this overview on new advances in diagnostic assays as nanobiosensors, antivirus and nanoinsecticides on Aedes aegyptis control.

Recent Developments in Nanotechnology for Detection and Control of Aedes aegypti-Borne Diseases

“…On top of the list are mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) that are a cause of a major concern around the world because they can act as vectors of a variety of harmful pathogens and parasites (Benelli, 2016;Benelli and Mehlhorn, 2016). Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the most important global vectors of arboviruses, such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and zika viruses (Durán et al, 2016). Arboviruses have long been treated as neglected diseases around the world.…”

“…In this regard, the importance of nanobiotechnology has been gradually realized as an emerging technology of the future due to exceptional new benefits (Suganya et al, 2017). In the vector control applications, nanoparticles could be applied for: (a) the development of new drugs, with higher activity, decreased toxicity and sustained release; (b) development of new repellent formulations based on natural or synthetic compounds; (c) control of vectors by the use of nanoparticles with repellent, insecticidal or larvicidal activities (Magro et al, 2019); and (d) development of biosensors that can rapidly detect and diagnose the mosquito transmitted viral diseases (Durán et al, 2016;Benelli et al, 2017;Nicolini et al, 2017a). Due to the lack of specific drugs for viral diseases, nanobiotechnology has appeared as an important new breakthrough, which could be potentially used for treatment of patients infected with arboviruses.…”

Nanotoxicologia De Nanopartículas De Prata: Toxicidade Em Animais E Humanos

“…31,32 Em relação à síntese de NPs de Ag, recentemente vários trabalhos importantes foram publicados. 8,[33][34][35][36][37][38] Contudo, é importante destacar que as NPs de Ag produzidas por diferentes métodos apresentaram diferentes características físico-químicas e morfológicas e, portanto, diferentes interações no meio biológico resultando em diferentes toxicidades.…”

Nanopharmaceuticals as a solution to neglected diseases: Is it possible?

“…Dengue virus infection (DVI) causes different kinds of illness ranging from asymptomatic infection to a flu-like mild undifferentiated fever with high fever over the 40°C (Benelli and Mehlhorn, 2016;Durán et al, 2016a). Other diseases can mimic DVI, such as influenza, measles, typhoid, leptospirosis or any nonspecific viral syndrome.…”