Nanobubbles enhanced drug susceptibility of cancer cells using ultrasound

Advanced application of stimuli-responsive drug delivery system for inflammatory arthritis treatment

“…Nevertheless, the excessively limited drug loading space restricts the therapeutic potential of microbubbles [ 98 ]. In contrast, nano-size carriers (such as nanobubble [ 99 ], nanodroplet [ 100 ], liposome [ 101 , 102 ], emulsion [ 102 ], and micelle [ 103 ]) are more promising in terms of size, drug loading, and in vivo permeability. Ultrasonic waves mostly induce the release of drugs through cavitation, mechanical effects (e.g., simple pressure change, acoustic fluid flow), and local thermal effects, which can not only enhance the controllability of drug concentration in the microenvironment but also promote the drug uptake by disturbing the cell membrane [ 19 ].…”

Concentration determination of oxygen nanobubbles in electrolyzed water

“…Suzuki et al reported on the use of nanobubbles with ultrasound to permeabilize cancer cells and potentiate the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs [23]. Nanobubbles combined with ultrasound produced significant cytotoxicity, of levels not obtainable by either the ultrasound or the drug alone.…”

Potential and problems in ultrasound-responsive drug delivery systems

“…At higher temperatures (.60°C), ultrasound may be used for thermal ablation of tumors in many organs, including the prostate, 73,74 liver, 75,76 breast, 77 bone, 78 pancreas, 43 and uterus, 79 or for thermal coagulation of blood vessels. 80 Suzuki et al reported that a combination of nanobubbles and ultrasound could permeabilize cancer cells and potentiate the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil 12 in 293T human kidney, MCF7 human breast adenocarcinoma, EMT6 murine mammary carcinoma, and colon 26 murine rectum carcinoma cell lines. Under optimal conditions, nanobubbles (containing albumin or lipid, 10%, v/v) combined with ultrasound (frequency 945 kHz, duty cycle ratio 20%-80%, pressure 0.96 mPa) produced significant cytotoxicity that was not seen with either ultrasound or the drugs used alone.…”

“…[4][5][6][7] In recent times, drug-loaded ultrasound contrast agent systems, also termed ultrasound-responsive drug delivery systems (URDDS), have become an increasing focus of research. URDDS include microbubbles, [8][9][10] nanobubbles, 11,12 nanodroplets, 13 liposomes, 14,15 emulsion, 16 and micelles. [17][18][19] A combination of two or more formulations can be used as URDDS, such as liposomal bubbles 20,21 and microemulsions.…”