with simple primitive life. However, whether life emerges from scratch from nonliving matter remains a mystery. Accordingly, understanding the fundamental principles of life processes is still a major scientific challenge. [1] Engineers can create a biological environment absent in nature by employing synthetic biology tools, thus allowing the discovery and elucidation of fundamentally complex biological cells in ways that remain currently impossible. [2] As a result, its essential goal is to regulate the required components to enhance their complexity as the need for comprehension grows. [3] To address fundamental questions regarding the transition from chemistry to biology, the chemical techniques applied to non-living matter to produce life are divided into top-down or bottom-up synthesis. [2] The majority of the top-down approaches have focused on genetic engineering and molecular biology techniques applied to prokaryotes such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia), and others to isolate and generate enzymes, drug precursors, and biofuels for their application in health, bioremediation, environmental, and other therapeutic strategies. [4,5] A bottom-up approach is typically used to create new life-like features, known as artificial cells, from cellular components or non-living matter, to better understand specific cellular characteristics and the origin of life.The generation of an artificial cell factory provides a foundation for critical cell biology research. However, the concept of an artificial cell can be controversial, as factors such as cell size, genetic composition, and morphological similarity need to be considered. [6] Vesicles such as giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), polysaccharidosomes, membrane-less coacervate microdroplets, and hydrogel particles are being explored to mimic the cell organelles and provide a functional unit to address their issues. [7][8][9][10] Though synthetic micro or nanoreactors have been used to mimic life-like functions and to learn about the fundamental biology of natural cells, constructing a life-like structure out of non-living building blocks remains a considerable challenge. In this review, we focus on hybrid approaches that use both natural and synthetic materials to mimic and interface with biological systems (Figure 1). Using hybrid vesicle micro or nanoreactors, bioinspired life-like functions such as chemical compartments, cascade signaling, energy generation, growth, replication, and environmental A cell, the fundamental unit of life, contains the requisite blueprint information necessary to survive and to build tissues, organs, and systems, eventually forming a fully functional living creature. A slight structural alteration can result in data misprinting, throwing the entire life process off balance. Advances in synthetic biology and cell engineering enable the predictable redesign of biological systems to perform novel functions. Individual functions and fundamental processes at the core of the biology of cells can be investig...