Nanocellulose enhances the dispersion and toxicity of ZnO NPs to green algae Eremosphaera viridis

Abstract

The widespread cellulose nanomaterials from industrial production and natural plant degradation inevitably lead to the accumulation of nanocellulose in aquatic environment. However, the effect of nanocellulose on the fate, transport...

Review and Prospects on the Ecotoxicity of Mixtures of Nanoparticles and Hybrid Nanomaterials

“…21 The authors explained this by the higher Zn-ion accumulation in the fish when nCu was present. Collectively, the current studies indicated that the potentiation of the effects of multiple ENPs was mainly correlated with increased bioaccumulation of toxic components 22,23 and oxidative stress. 23,24 Conversely, an attenuated toxic effect was found by Zhao et al, 25 who reported that nAl 2 O 3 was shown to mitigate the growth inhibition toxicity of GO to C. pyrenoidosa.…”

“…Collectively, the current studies indicated that the potentiation of the effects of multiple ENPs was mainly correlated with increased bioaccumulation of toxic components 22,23 and oxidative stress. 23,24 Conversely, an attenuated toxic effect was found by Zhao et al, 25 who reported that nAl 2 O 3 was shown to mitigate the growth inhibition toxicity of GO to C. pyrenoidosa. Zhao et al 25 explained the reduced exposure of alga to GO in the presence of nAl 2 O 3 due to GO-nAl 2 O 3 heteroaggregation.…”

“…These interaction forces drive the occurrence of coaggregation/agglomeration of multiple ENPs and also contribute to the distinct differences in their modes of joint toxic action . It has also been found that the copresence of naturally derived cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) significantly reduced the aggregation of nZnO, resulting in enhanced bioavailability and toxicity to Eremosphaera viridis . Furthermore, interactions between individual ENPs in a mixture play a mediating role in ENP toxicity, particularly for a mixed system consisting of a soluble ENP such as nZnO and other stable ENPs such as nTiO 2 .…”

“… 16 It has also been found that the copresence of naturally derived cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) significantly reduced the aggregation of nZnO, resulting in enhanced bioavailability and toxicity to Eremosphaera viridis . 23 Furthermore, interactions between individual ENPs in a mixture play a mediating role in ENP toxicity, particularly for a mixed system consisting of a soluble ENP such as nZnO and other stable ENPs such as nTiO 2 . 48 The concentration of free Zn ions released from nZnO can be scavenged due to the formation of Zn(II)-TiO 2 surface complexes, which may consequently alter the exposure and bioavailability of nZnO to organisms.…”

Single and combined nanotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles and graphene quantum dots against the microalgaHeterosigma akashiwo

“…ZnO was used to remove various elements and organic pollutants from the environment, and also was used in sunscreens and lotions. [15][16][17][18] The manufacture of plastics, glass, ceramics, pigments, etc. is also inseparable from ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO).…”