Nanocellulose in Food Packaging

Criado, Paula; Hossain, Faruk; Salmieri, Stéphane; Lacroix, Monique

doi:10.1002/9781119160243.ch10

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…NCC which was revealed to be harmless to humans and animal bodies is used for fluorescence bioimaging, bioassay and drug delivery applications, which can lower the cost for medical treatment (Ilyas et al, 2018e). Criado et al (2018) studied the effect of NCC reinforcing biopolymer films for food packaging. Poor barrier and thermo-mechanical properties of biopolymers were unsuitable in the commercial packaging industry, which led to the improvement of the material by incorporating NCC as the filler.…”

Section: Nanocellulose Reinforced Tps Biopolymer Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanocellulose Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch (TPS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), and Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) for Food Packaging Applications

et al. 2020

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Synthetic plastics are severely detrimental to the environment because nonbiodegradable plastics do not degrade for hundreds of years. Nowadays, these plastics are very commonly used for food packaging. To overcome this problem, food packaging materials should be substituted with "green" or environmentally friendly materials, normally in the form of natural fiber reinforced biopolymer composites. Thermoplastic starch (TPS), polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) were chosen for the substitution, because of their availability, biodegradability, and good food contact properties. Plasticizer (glycerol) was used to modify the starch, such as TPS under a heating condition, which improved its processability. TPS films are sensitive to moisture and their mechanical properties are generally not suitable for food packaging if used alone, while PLA and PBS have a low oxygen barrier but good mechanical properties and processability. In general, TPS, PLA, and PBS need to be modified for food packaging requirements. Natural fibers are often incorporated as reinforcements into TPS, PLA, and PBS to overcome their weaknesses. Natural fibers are normally used in the form of fibers, fillers, celluloses, and nanocelluloses, but the focus of this paper is on nanocellulose. Nanocellulose reinforced polymer composites demonstrate an improvement in mechanical, barrier, and thermal properties. The addition of compatibilizer as a coupling agent promotes a fine dispersion of nanocelluloses in polymer. Additionally, nanocellulose and TPS are also mixed with PLA and PBS because they are costly, despite having commendable properties. Starch and natural fibers are utilized as fillers because they are abundant, cheap and biodegradable.

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Section: Nanocellulose Reinforced Tps Biopolymer Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schematic drawing of gas permeant diffusion through the structure of NCC incorporated polymer bionanocomposites (adapted, with permission fromCriado et al, 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocellulose Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch (TPS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), and Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) for Food Packaging Applications

et al. 2020

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“…Nanocellulose is most widely used in the packaging industry. [ 110,111,125 ] This is due to the responsiveness of environmental problems related with the conventional non‐degradable plastic packaging materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. These plastics are derived from petrochemical resources which are harmful to health and the environment.…”

Section: Application Of Nanocellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile and morphological properties of nanocrystalline cellulose and nanofibrillated cellulose reinforcedPLAbionanocomposites: A review

Zaaba

Jaafar

Ismail

2020

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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In recent years, bionanocomposites have received growing attention in science and industry due to their renewability, biodegradability and superior mechanical properties. Nanocellulose is another promising material that use as a reinforcement filler for bionanocomposite materials due to its lightweight, high surface area, high mechanical strength, high aspect ratio and low density. Different nanocellulose loading, sources, surface modification/functionalization and properties of nanocellulose are important in the production of bionanocomposites. In general, nanocellulose reinforced PLA bionanocomposite offers enhancement in tensile strength and elastic modulus. However, only minimal nanocellulose loadings are required for optimal results due to the incompatibility between the hydrophilic nanocellulose and hydrophobic PLA. This paper reviews the sources of nanocellulose and the properties of nanocellulose with a focus on the tensile and morphological properties of PLA bionanocomposites. Applications of nanocellulose in various industries are discussed in this article. This review article provides some important information. First, this study reviewed the application of nanostructured cellulose in biodegradable polymers. There are two types of nanostructured cellulose: nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). Second, the status on articles published on nanocellulose and PLA/nanocellulose over the past 10 years is reported. Third, the authors of this paper implemented a holistic and critical review to provide a comprehensive understanding of the different properties between NCC and NFC, the application of nanocellulose in bionanocomposites, as well as the properties of PLA and PLA bionanocomposites. Moreover, the influence of NCC and NFC on the tensile and morphological properties of bionanocomposites is covered in this article.

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“…[18][19][20] Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have been highlighted for their applicability in films mainly due to their high crystallinity that creates a more tortuous path for the molecules, creating a barrier effect. 21 With the constant enhancement of technology and science, the entry of these biodegradable films into the packaging market are a reality. Thus, metallic nanoparticles such as zinc, silver, and copper, as well as titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), have been added in starch films due to the improving of chemical and physical properties as antimicrobial action and barrier resistance to provide greater protection to the food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18–20 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have been highlighted for their applicability in films mainly due to their high crystallinity that creates a more tortuous path for the molecules, creating a barrier effect. 21…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of biodegradable starch-based films containing cellulose nanocrystals/titanium dioxide nanoparticles as an alternative for food packaging

Picolotto,

Rossa Beltrami,

Dallé

et al. 2023

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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Biodegradable starch-based films are an environmentally friendly solution to reduce the use of petroleum-derived polymers. Thus, this work aims to obtain corn starch films by incorporating 5% w/w of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), different concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2% w/w), and 40% w/w of glycerol and sorbitol (plasticizers), in a 1:1 ratio. The films showed a high potential for UV-light barrier, with an increase of 307% incorporating only 2 wt% of TiO2 in relation to the film without incorporation of TiO2. The use of TiO2 increased the white pigmentation capacity of the samples and decreased the lower water solubility – a reduction of approximately 28% using 0.5 wt% TiO2 compared to the CNC control sample was observed. The incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles increased the tensile strength by adding 1 wt% of TiO2 nanoparticles with 34% increase in the tensile strength of the film without incorporation of TiO2. The thermal stability of the films with 1 wt% TiO2 and 5 wt% CNC increased by 85°C. Thus, the addition of CNC and TiO2 enabled an improvement in the physical/thermal/chemical properties of the films, making them possible alternatives for use in food packaging.

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Nanocellulose in Food Packaging

Cited by 11 publications

References 118 publications

Nanocellulose Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch (TPS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), and Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) for Food Packaging Applications

Nanocellulose Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch (TPS), Polylactic Acid (PLA), and Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) for Food Packaging Applications

Tensile and morphological properties of nanocrystalline cellulose and nanofibrillated cellulose reinforcedPLAbionanocomposites: A review

Development and evaluation of biodegradable starch-based films containing cellulose nanocrystals/titanium dioxide nanoparticles as an alternative for food packaging

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