Nanocellulose-reinforced phenol-formaldehyde resin for plywood panel production

Abstract

The search for new technologies to improve adhesives and the properties of reconstituted wood panels is constant, and nanotechnology is a tool for this purpose. The aim of this study is investigating the effect of adding nanocellulose in the formulation of the adhesive phenol-formaldehyde on the physico-mechanical properties of Pinus taeda plywood panels. Three ratios of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) were added to the adhesive formulation used to produce plywood panels: 0,026 %; 0,038 % or 0,064 %. The panels were tested according to the European standards; apparent density, resistance to parallel and perpendicular flexure and glue line shear strength were determined after 6 hours of boiling and after the boiling cycle for the 1 st glue line (face) and 2 nd glue line (core). The use of NFC in the adhesive caused an increase of viscosity and reduction of the gel time of the adhesive. The apparent density of the panels was not influenced by the addition of NFC, but the properties of parallel bending, perpendicular flexing and glue line shear were sensitive to the addition of NFC. The NR2 treatment (0,038 % NFC) presented the best results in the mechanical tests.

Performance characterization of plywood panels bonded with melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin and cellulose nanofibril/borax as an additive

“…According to Donmez Cavdar et al (2018), the performance of BX-containing composites was greatly improved. According to Lengowski et al (2021), adding NFC to the PF resin increased viscosity and lowered gel time while maintaining the pH unchanged. According to Yildirim and Candan (2021), particleboard panels with superior physical and mechanical qualities may be produced using CNF and BA.…”

Improved properties of particleboards produced with urea formaldehyde adhesive containing nanofibrillated cellulose and titanium dioxide

“…Among the various improvements that nanotechnology offers in the forest products industry, nanocellulose-reinforced resin has been determined to be promising. It has improved the physical and mechanical properties of the boards (Lengowski et al 2021).…”

Formaldehyde free tannin-based adhesive with epoxy as hardener for plywood

“…During last decades, phenol formaldehyde (PF), a petroleum-derived resin, has been widely developed in the fields of wood industry and composite materials (Pizzi et al 1986, Raknes 1997, Huang et al 2020Lengowski et al 2021). However, this resin contains harmful substances, such as phenol and formaldehyde, which can cause a serious harm to human health.…”