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Viral infections are a significant cause of death globally, resulting in substantial ethical, social, and economic costs. In recent years, the world has experienced the worst epidemic of the current millennium, caused by the Coronavirus 2019, a severe acute respiratory syndrome. This infection can cause severe complications in various organs, such as the stomach, heart, liver, kidney, and brain. Antimicrobial drugs or vaccines can be a practical approach to combating these pathogens. However, there are drug‐resistant or emerging infections that do not have effective drugs or vaccines. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new approaches for early diagnosis, prevention, and effective therapies. So, nanomaterials are widely considered due to their unique properties. This review employs a practical approach to elucidate the role of nanostructures against COVID‐19. Also, the effects and benefits of various types of nanostructures are discussed that have been used to diagnose, prevent, and treat COVID‐19 in recent years. Furthermore, by evaluating different nanostructures, the utilization of biocompatible nanoparticles consisting of selenium and chitosan derivatives is suggested as a promising candidate for industrial use in the fight against COVID‐19. Ultimately, this study can offer insight into the potential applications of nanomaterials in combating emerging microbial infections.
Viral infections are a significant cause of death globally, resulting in substantial ethical, social, and economic costs. In recent years, the world has experienced the worst epidemic of the current millennium, caused by the Coronavirus 2019, a severe acute respiratory syndrome. This infection can cause severe complications in various organs, such as the stomach, heart, liver, kidney, and brain. Antimicrobial drugs or vaccines can be a practical approach to combating these pathogens. However, there are drug‐resistant or emerging infections that do not have effective drugs or vaccines. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new approaches for early diagnosis, prevention, and effective therapies. So, nanomaterials are widely considered due to their unique properties. This review employs a practical approach to elucidate the role of nanostructures against COVID‐19. Also, the effects and benefits of various types of nanostructures are discussed that have been used to diagnose, prevent, and treat COVID‐19 in recent years. Furthermore, by evaluating different nanostructures, the utilization of biocompatible nanoparticles consisting of selenium and chitosan derivatives is suggested as a promising candidate for industrial use in the fight against COVID‐19. Ultimately, this study can offer insight into the potential applications of nanomaterials in combating emerging microbial infections.
In the present work, we synthesized a novel ternary heterostructure nanocomposite comprising Silver Vanadate and Cerium Oxide Decorated Graphene Oxide (AgVO3-CeO2/GO) using a straightforward and cost-effective method. Six samples, including GO, CeO2, CeO2/GO, AgVO3, AgVO3/GO, and CeO2-AgVO3/GO, were prepared. The structural, morphological, electrochemical, and optoelectrical properties of these samples were thoroughly investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated the presence of graphene oxide, cerium oxide, and silver vanadate phases, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the single crystalline nature of AgVO3 and the dispersion of CeO2 and AgVO3 nanoparticles within the GO matrix. The heterojunctions between different components facilitated efficient charge transfer and enhanced optoelectronic performance. External quantum efficiency was measured using a 532 nm laser beam, and the electrical properties were evaluated under dark and illuminated conditions with a two-point probe setup. The inclusion of CeO2 and AgVO3 nanoparticles in the GO matrix improved charge transport and interfacial charge transfer processes. These findings highlight the potential of these materials for various optoelectronic applications, including photodetection, sensing, and energy harvesting, with further optimization potentially leading to high-performance devices with enhanced functionality and efficiency.
Cerium oxide nanoparticles possess unique properties that make them promising candidates in various fields, including cancer treatment. Among the proposed synthesis methods for CNPs, biosynthesis using natural extracts, offers an eco-friendly and convenient approach for producing CNPs, particularly for biomedical applications. In this study, a novel method of biosynthesis using the aqueous extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves was used to synthesize CNPs. Scanning electron microscopy and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques revealed that the synthesized CNPs exhibit a flower-like morphology. The particle size of CNPs obtained using Powder X-ray diffraction peaks and TEM as 13.43 and 39.25 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the effect of biomolecules during the synthesis process and the formation of CNPs. The cytotoxicity of biosynthesized samples was evaluated using the MTT method demonstrating the potential of these samples to inhibit MCF-7 cancerous cells. The viability of the MCF-7 cell line conducted by live/dead imaging assay confirmed the MTT cytotoxicity method and indicated their potential to inhibit cancerous cells. Furthermore, the successful uptake of CNPs by MCF-7 cancer cells, as demonstrated by confocal microscopy, provides evidence that the intracellular pathway contributes to the anticancer activity of the CNPs. In general, results indicate that the biosynthesized CNPs exhibit significant cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cancerous cell line, attributed to their high surface area.
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