Nanoceria exhibit redox state-dependent catalase mimetic activity

Abstract

In this study we have found that cerium oxide nanoparticles exhibit catalase mimetic activity. Surprisingly, the catalase mimetic activity correlates with a reduced level of cerium in the +3 state, in contrast to the relationship between surface charge and superoxide scavenging properties.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles protect against Aβ-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and neuronal cell death

“…Nanoceria reduced the SNOC-induced increase in DRP1 S616 phosphorylation ( Figure 5a). Similarly, nanoceria or NAC abolished Ab [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] -induced DRP1 S616 phosphorylation ( Figure 5b). …”

“…Our data on mitochondrial localization of nanoceria are in agreement with recent findings in hepatocytes and organotypic hippocampal brain slices. 35,42 Here we report that nanoceria reduced in situ ROS/RNS, as visualized by decreasing APF oxidation ( Figure 2) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) nitration in both SNOC and Ab [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] stressed neurons (Figures 3a-c). This is important because increased levels of nitrated proteins have been reported in AD brains and cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients, 43 and numerous proteins in AD have been shown to be nitrated by peroxynitrite.…”

“…Values listed under blots represent relative ratios of p-DRP1 S616 to total DRP1 protein, normalized to actin. (b) Western blots of p-DRP1 S616, total DRP1 and actin protein levels from neurons exposed to nanoceria (100 nM) or pre-aggregated 10 mM Ab [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] alone or in combination for 6 h or a combination of NAC (50 mM; 3 h pretreatment) and Ab [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] . Values listed under blots represent relative ratios of p-DRP1 S616 to total DRP1 protein normalized to actin nanoparticles to cross the BBB strikingly increased after injury (resulting in increased ROS/RNS).…”

“…Oxidation of Ce 4 þ to Ce 3 þ causes oxygen vacancies and defects on the surface of the crystalline lattice structure of the nanoparticles, generating a cage for redox reactions to occur. 30 Accordingly, nanoceria mimic the catalytic activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD 31,32 and catalase, 33 and are able to neutralize peroxynitrite. 34 Because of these antioxidant properties, we hypothesized that nanoceria could detoxify peroxynitrite and protect against Ab-induced DRP1 S616 hyperphosphorylation, mitochondrial fragmentation and neuronal cell death.…”

Characterization of glucose oxidation by gold nanoparticles using nanoceria

“…In the past decade, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) [4][5][6][7], magnetic iron oxide NPs [8], and cerium oxide NPs (nanoceria) have been reported to mimic various enzymes [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Oxidation of glucose by AuNPs was first reported by Comotti et al in 2004 [4].…”