Nanocomposite materials for fused filament fabrication

Observation of Peek Melting Peaks within the Additive Manufacturing Material Extrusion Process in Relation to Isothermal and Non‐Isothermal Processes

“…[5,6] MEX is based on material extrusion through a computercontrolled nozzle, producing the parts layer upon layer and offering compatibility with a great variety of printing materials, including PEEK and other high-performance materials. [7][8][9][10][11] PEEK is part of the Poly (aryl ether ketones) (PAEKs) polymer family. These polymers are classified as engineering polymers and were first introduced in the mid-1970s.…”

3D Printing of Aramid Nanofiber Composites by Stereolithography

“…Significant effort has been devoted to improving the mechanical properties of 3D-printed materials, and composites are playing a major role in this endeavor. − Composites are desirable because different types of additives can be mixed with low-cost and scalable polymer matrixes to produce materials with a wide variety of properties without the need to redesign the polymer structure for each application. Compared to conventional microscale composite fillers, nanocomposite reinforcements are especially useful because their smaller size enables a greater interaction area with the surrounding polymer matrix, thereby more effectively transferring stress between the filler and matrix .…”

“…Different types of nanofillers (e.g., cellulose nanocrystals, − carbon nanotubes, − and graphene oxide − ) have been used to improve the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties as well as to introduce new functions to the polymer composites. However, even though many different polymeric nanocomposites have been produced, only a few have been used in extrusion-based 3D printing ,, and even fewer with vat photopolymerization methods. , One of the main challenges in printing composites with vat photopolymerization is the difficulty in formulating homogeneous photoresins. In many cases, increasing the nanofiller loading can result in phase separation, agglomeration, voids, and high viscosities .…”

3D Printing of Aramid Nanofiber Composites by Stereolithography

“…5,10 Significant effort has been devoted to improving the mechanical properties of 3D printed materials and composites are playing a major role in this endeavor. [11][12][13][14][15] Composites are desirable because different types of additives can be mixed with low cost and scalable polymer matrices to produce materials with a wide variety of properties without the need to redesign the polymer structure for each application. When compared to conventional microscale composite fillers, nanocomposite reinforcements are especially useful as their smaller size enables a greater interaction area with the surrounding polymer matrix, thereby more effectively transferring stress between the filler and the matrix.…”

“…Different types of nanofillers (e.g., cellulose nanocrystals, [17][18][19][20] carbon nanotubes, [21][22][23] graphene oxide [24][25][26] ) have been used to improve mechanical, thermal and electrical properties as well as to introduce new functions to the polymer composites. However, even though many different polymeric nanocomposites have been produced, only a few have been used in extrusion-based 3D printing 13,24,27 and even fewer with vat photopolymerization methods. 14,28 One of the main challenges in printing composites with vat photopolymerization is the difficulty in formulating homogeneous photoresins.…”