Nanocomposite Organogel for Art Conservation─A Novel Wax Resin Removal System

Abstract

We describe a new, safe, and effective method for removing wax resin adhesive from the canvases of paintings conserved by the once widely used Dutch Method, which involved attaching a new canvas to the back of a painting using an adhesive made of beeswax and natural resin. First, a low-toxicity cleaning mixture for dissolving the adhesive and removing it from the canvases was developed, and then a nanocomposited organogel was obtained. The ability of the organogel to remove the adhesive from canvases was investigated on the lining of the 1878 painting “Battle of Grunwald” by Jan Matejko, with promising results. Additionally, we found that the organogel can be used several times with no visible loss of cleaning ability. Finally, the effectiveness and safety of the method were confirmed on two oil paintings (one from the National Museum in Warsaw): all the wax resin adhesive was removed and the painting regained its original brightness and vivid colors.

Lecithin Organogel: A Promising Carrier for the Treatment of Skin Diseases

“…The occurrence of limited swelling is typically attributed to the presence of a partially cross-linked gel matrix, which hinders complete disintegration . The swelling studies performed for a nanocomposite organogel in a mixture of different organic solvents (isopropanol, 35% v/v; isooctane, 45% v/v; and acetone, 20% v/v) showed 87% of organic solvents were retained within the swollen matrix (Figure d) . In another study, the swelling studies for fabricated aromatic nonpolar organogels in different hydrocarbon solvents were reported.…”

“…(d) Image captured of a swollen nanocomposite organogel formulation. Photograph courtesy of Kaniewska from ref ( 96 ). Copyright 2024.…”

“… 85 The swelling studies performed for a nanocomposite organogel in a mixture of different organic solvents (isopropanol, 35% v/v; isooctane, 45% v/v; and acetone, 20% v/v) showed 87% of organic solvents were retained within the swollen matrix ( Figure 7 d). 96 In another study, the swelling studies for fabricated aromatic nonpolar organogels in different hydrocarbon solvents were reported. Effective incorporation of aromatic interactions into the polymer–solvent system resulted in a significant increase in the swelling ratio.…”

Solvent and stoichiometry-dependent versatile organogelation and robust crystallization from the supramolecular association of adipic acid and triethanolamine

“…26–28 Some of the innovative applications including self-healing electrically conductive organogel, delivery vehicles for the stabilization of organo-lithium reagents, improvement in in situ electrical conductivity, waste-water treatment, and organogels for art conservation are recognized in the literature. 29–33 Thus, organogels can be designed to exhibit specific properties based on the choice of gelator molecules and solvents. 34 A drastic diversity on the gelation ability can be achieved through a slight adjustment in the gelator configuration.…”

Unveiling the Semiconducting Diode Property through Current Density–Voltage Features with Effective Interface Mobility and Conductivity of Nitroterephthalic Acid-Directed Supramolecular Co(II)/Cu(II) Metallogels

“…Supramolecular metallo-organogels consist of self-assemblies between lighter organic molecules or low molecular mass organic gelators (LMOGs) and metal salt through supramolecular interactions that construct the three-dimensional semisolid scaffold . Scientists are very much fascinated about LMOGs not solely for the purpose of academic level but also because of their enormous implementations ranging from the academic to industrial domains, such as chemical sensing, catalytic reaction, organic electronics, ,− cosmetic industry, conservation of arts, and water purification, and for biological utilities like drug transportation, cellular supports, tissue engineering application, and so on . Apart from these applications, we observe some extra functional properties like redox activity, conductivity, ,− optical properties, magnetic features, nano science and nano electronics, and proton conductivity, , which are exhibited by the metallogels.…”