“…[3][4][5][6][7] Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of these transition metals have even surpassed the most active and stable IrO 2 and RuO 2 catalysts, largely due to their higher surface areas, but in turn suffer from poor conductivity. [8,9] In addition to these, compounds of transition metals in the form of phosphides, [10,11] sulfides, [12,13] borides, [14,15] selenides, [16,17] nitrides, [18,19] and carbides [20,21] have emerged as promising low-cost alternatives. In majority of the cases, these compounds are proposed to act as pre-catalysts that transform into reactive oxy-hydroxy (*OOH) species on the surface during OER, while still providing conducting pathways through the core.…”