Nanocrystallinity effects in lithium battery materials

Jamnik, J.; Maier, Joachim

doi:10.1039/b309130a

Cited by 704 publications

(569 citation statements)

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“…The development of nanostructured electrode materials is considered to be the most promising avenue towards overcoming the current limits and achieving these goals. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] However, it is necessary first of all to know how nanomaterials impact on the performance of the lithium-ion batteries and what kinds of mechanisms these nanomaterials exhibit. Here, we address the benefits of nanometer size effects and the disadvantages of using 'nano', as well as strategies for solving these issues and fulfilling the nanomaterials' potential.…”

Section: Progress Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,2] As the performance of these devices depends intimately on the properties of their materials, considerable attention has been paid to the research and development of key materials. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Micrometer-sized bulk materials are reaching their inherent limits in performance and cannot fully satisfy the increasing needs of consumer devices. Therefore, rapid development of new materials with high performance is essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14] In addition to the 'conversion' mechanism, the extra Listorage capacity in nanometer-sized transition metal oxides at low potential has recently been explained by an interfacial Li storage mechanism. [2,8] According to this model, Li þ ions are stored on the ionic conducting side of the interface (Li y X), while electrons (e À ) are localized on the metallic side (M), resulting in a charge separation. In view of the fact that the interface area of Li y X/M can be extremely large, this mechanism forms the bridge between a supercapacitor and a battery electrode and may offer a reasonable compromise between rate and capacity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Devices

2008

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One of the greatest challenges for our society is providing powerful electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices. Rechargeable lithium‐ion batteries and fuel cells are amongst the most promising candidates in terms of energy densities and power densities. Nanostructured materials are currently of interest for such devices because of their high surface area, novel size effects, significantly enhanced kinetics, and so on. This Progress Report describes some recent developments in nanostructured anode and cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, addressing the benefits of nanometer‐size effects, the disadvantages of ‘nano’, and strategies to solve these issues such as nano/micro hierarchical structures and surface coatings, as well as developments in the discovery of nanostructured Pt‐based electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Approaches to lowering the cost of Pt catalysts include the use of i) novel nanostructures of Pt, ii)new cost‐effective synthesis routes, iii) binary or multiple catalysts, and iv) new catalyst supports.

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Section: Progress Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Devices

2008

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“…14 Jamnik and Maier explained such heterogeneous storage phenomenon as the interfacial charging. 15,16 In previous reports on lithium storage through conversion reaciton, the nonaqueous electrolyte was used in the test cells. 14,18 Consequently, the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is not avoidable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of External Lithium Along Phase Boundary in LiF-Ti Nanocomposite Thin Films

Zheng

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2016

ACSi

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This paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Janez Jamnik and his pioneer research on space charge layer effect in energy storage materials AbstractThe electronic and ionic conductivity of the LiF-Ti nanocomposite films prepared by the co-sputtering have been investigated by the method of impedance spectrum (IS), current-voltage curves (IV) and isothermal transient ionic current (ITIC) measurements. It is found that the ionic conductivity of the obtained LiF-Ti nanocomposite film is very low. After electrochemical and chemical lithiation, ionic conductivities of the lithiated composite films are increased to be 10 -3and 10 -4 S/cm separately. This phenomenon indicates that the phase boundary between LiF and Ti could be the ionic conducting channels for external lithium in the LiF-Ti nanocomposite. Our results suggest a new strategy to design ionic or mixed ionic conductor.

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“…Several groups have shown that nanosized materials are emerging as successful solutions to enhance rate capability and cyclic stability of these electrodes. [23][24][25][26][27][28] In one paper published in 2003, Bueno and Leite 29 discuss the effects of the nanocrystalline state on the performance of Li-ion batteries in a conceptual point of view, where two types of size effects are discussed: (i) trivial size effects which rely on solely on the increased surface to volume ratio and (ii) true size effects, which also involve changes of local materials properties. Based on this paper and other reviews, motivations for using nanomaterials will be discussed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cathodes for lithium ion batteries: the benefits of using nanostructured materials

Camilo¹,

Torresi²

2006

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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As celas de íon lítio disponíveis comercialmente, as quais são as mais avançadas entre as baterias recarregáveis disponíveis até agora, empregam óxidos de metais de transição microcristalinos como catodos, os quais funcionam como matrizes de inserção de lítio. Em busca por uma melhor performance eletroquímica, o uso de nanomateriais no lugar dos materiais convencionais tem emergido como excelente alternativa. Nesta revisão nós apresentaremos uma breve introdução sobre as motivações de usar materiais nanoestruturados como catodos em baterias de íon-lítio. Para ilustrar tais vantagens apresentamos exemplos de pesquisas relacionadas com a preparação e dados eletroquímicos dos mais usados catodos em nanoescala, tais como LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiMnO 2 , LiV 2 O 5 e LiFePO 4 .Commercially available lithium ion cells, which are the most advanced among rechargeable batteries available so far, employ microcrystalline transition metal oxides as cathodes, which function as Li insertion hosts. In search for better electrochemical performance the use of nanomaterials in place of these conventional ones has emerged as excellent alternative. In this review we present a brief introduction about the motivations to use nanostructured materials as cathodes in lithium ion batteries. To illustrate such advantages we present some examples of research directed toward preparations and electrochemical data of the most used cathodes in nanoscale, such as LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiMnO 2 , LiV 2 O 5 e LiFePO 4 .Keywords: nanotechnology, lithium-ion battery, cathode, nanoparticles Initial RemarksSince Sony introduced its 18650 cell in 1990, 1 Li-ion batteries with excellent electrochemical performance have been manufactured and occupied a prime position in the market place 2 to power portable and non-portable devices. [3][4][5] The reason for this relevance is that compared to traditional rechargeable batteries such as, lead acid and Ni-Cd, the lithium-ion battery shows several advantages, such as lighter in weight, smaller in dimension and higher energy density. 1 Moreover, although capacity values may be similar to other rechargeable systems, voltages are approximately three times higher, affording higher energy. 1 In general, the commercial lithium-ion batteries use graphite-lithium composite, Li x C 6 , as anode, lithium cobalt oxide, LiCoO 2 , as cathode and a lithium-ion conducting electrolyte. When the cell is charged, lithium is extracted from the cathode and inserted at the anode. On discharge, the lithium ions are released by the anode and taken up again by the cathode (Figure 1).Owing to the importance of lithium ion batteries, these cells are still object of intense research to enhance their properties and characteristics. The searches focus on all aspects of these batteries, including improved anodes, 6-8 cathodes 9-17 and electrolytes. [18][19][20][21][22] However, most of these efforts are concentrated in new cathode materials, since the most used cathode material (LiCoO 2 ) is expensive and is somewhat toxic.The active catho...

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Nanocrystallinity effects in lithium battery materials

Cited by 704 publications

References 35 publications

Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Devices

Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Devices

Transport of External Lithium Along Phase Boundary in LiF-Ti Nanocomposite Thin Films

Cathodes for lithium ion batteries: the benefits of using nanostructured materials

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