Nanodelivery of Nitazoxanide: Impact on the Metabolism of Taenia Crassiceps Cysticerci Intracranially Inoculated in Mice

Abstract

Aim: To formulate nanocapsules and nanoemulsions of nitazoxanide (NTZ) and evaluate the metabolic effect on Taenia crassiceps cysticerci inoculated intracranially into mice. Materials & methods: NTZ nanosystems were formulated through solvent diffusion methodology. These nanoformulations were administered perorally and their impact on glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid metabolism in T. crassiceps cysticerci was investigated. Results: Gluconeogenesis and protein catabolism were significantly increased by the nanoformulations when compared with the control group and the NTZ-treated group. All the other metabolic pathways were inhibited by the nanoformulation treatments. Conclusion: The remarkable metabolic modifications that occur in this in vivo model through the application of these developed nanosystems confirm their capability to deliver NTZ into targeted tissues.

Cyclodextrin-Modified Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery: Classification and Advances in Controlled Release and Bioavailability

“…Lipid-based nanocarriers can be used for targeted delivery, can be administered by different routes, and can even co-load both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs [49]. Moreover, they have shown improvements in different drugs' pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety [50,51]. However, some considerations should be taken regarding the loading capacity of these systems and the passive release that can be observed mainly in systems designed to transport hydrophilic molecules [52].…”

“…Their droplets cover a size range between 50 and 200 nm, and they are characterized by excellent stability in suspension due to their very small size and significant steric stabilization between droplets. Likewise, different lipid nanocarriers have been developed regarding nanoemulsions as a template [50,61]. Recently, Hou et al designed a nanoemulsion of cinnamon essential oil, co-emulsified with HPβCD and Tween-80 to protect the ingredients and sustain the release, to exert long-term antibacterial effects [62].…”

On a highway to the brain: A review on nose-to-brain drug delivery using nanoparticles

“…An adequate dosage of the administered drug must reach the brain at the therapeutic levels necessary for the therapy of CNS disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, meningitis, epilepsy, and neurocysticercosis, among others [7,8]. These disorders generally involve a wide range of pathological manifestations resulting in both modifications of neural function and gradual damage of neural structures.…”

A quality by design approach for optimization of Lecithin/Span® 80 based nanoemulsions loaded with hydrophobic drugs

“…Particularly, the reduction of the particle size from microto nanometer scale is as a valuable and widely applied approach to improve the apparent saturation solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of hydrophobic molecules 18 . Thus, nanoemulsions (NEs), which exhibit mean droplet diameters ranging from ~10 to ~1000 nm, are one of the most promising pharmaceutical platforms to deliver chemotherapeutic agents for the potential treatment of cancer 19 ; neurodegenerative pathologies [20][21][22] and type II diabetes 23 . It is worth mentioning that NEs are conventionally prepared using high energy emulsification techniques (highpressure homogenization or ultrasound methods) as well as low-energy emulsification methods (solvent displacement technique).…”