Nanoelectrochemistry at liquid/liquid interfaces for analytical, biological, and material applications

Abstract

Herein, we feature our recent efforts toward the development and application of nanoelectrochemistry at liquid/liquid interfaces, which are also known as interfaces between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES). Nanopipets, nanopores,...

Recent Developments in Single-Entity Electrochemistry

“…Results agree with other suggestions that the interaction between the nanoparticle and electrode surface drives electrooxidation in the tunneling region . Thus, this method offers new perspectives on the dynamics of nanoparticle collision experiments and opens opportunities to study additional stochastic processes, such as transfer of entities at immiscible interfaces, as detailed in a recent review …”

“…147 Thus, this method offers new perspectives on the dynamics of nanoparticle collision experiments and opens opportunities to study additional stochastic processes, such as transfer of entities at immiscible interfaces, as detailed in a recent review. 149 ■ ELECTROCHEMICAL SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY Electrochemical scanning probe microscopy (SPM) encompasses a variety of highly versatile electrochemical imaging techniques that utilize a probe to scan over a substrate or interface of interest to acquire spatially resolved electrochemical information. Notable techniques in this category include scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM), and scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM), which are described in detail in recent reviews.…”

Colorimetric Sensing Platform for Detecting Mercury Ions Based on Self-Assembly of a Two-Dimensional Au Nanoparticle Layer

“…Out of various methods, liquid–liquid interfaces provide crucial structures for arranging nanometer-scale materials in both two and three dimensions. − Inspired by the surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensor based on the functionalized arrangement of nanoparticles through interfacial self-assembly, we made a pathbreaking self-assembly two-dimensional (2D) AuNP sheet through the water/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) interface. Due to the synergistic effect of interface energy and more interactions with water, DMC and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) with relatively closer polarity to water have been proven to be beneficial for the assembly process .…”

Microliquid/Liquid Interfacial Sensors: Biomimetic Investigation of Transmembrane Mechanisms and Real-Time Determinations of Clemastine, Cyproheptadine, Epinastine, Cetirizine, and Desloratadine

“…The study of ion-transfer reactions of biomolecules is also considered as a biomimetic analysis. 19 Currently, iontransfer processes on ITIES have been used to study various types of ions and to construct ion-selective sensing platforms, 20,21 such as proteins, 22,23 DNA, 24 neurotransmitters, 25,26 food additives, 27 and drug ions. 28−30 Regarding drug ions, in addition to the construction of sensing platforms, the ion-transfer process on ITIES can also be used to characterize the lipophilicity and interfacial partitioning behavior of drug molecules in ionized and neutral forms.…”

“…The study of ion-transfer reactions of biomolecules is also considered as a biomimetic analysis . Currently, ion-transfer processes on ITIES have been used to study various types of ions and to construct ion-selective sensing platforms, , such as proteins, , DNA, neurotransmitters, , food additives, and drug ions. − Regarding drug ions, in addition to the construction of sensing platforms, the ion-transfer process on ITIES can also be used to characterize the lipophilicity and interfacial partitioning behavior of drug molecules in ionized and neutral forms. , The half-wave potentials of drug ion transfer at ITIES are directly related to the lipophilicity and biological and pharmacological activities of the drugs, providing information about the ion transmembrane transport behavior, toxicity, and interactions with other biomolecules. ,, The IPDs constructed by the interfacial transfer of drug molecules with different charges at different pH values can not only predict the transfer mechanism of ionizable drugs across biological membranes but also provide useful information related to pharmacokinetics, thus contributing to drug design and synthesis. , …”