Nanoemulsion Gel of Nutraceutical Co-Enzyme Q10 as an Alternative to Conventional Topical Delivery System to Enhance Skin Permeability and Anti-Wrinkle Efficiency

Abstract

Objective: The object of our investigation was to develop and characterize nanoemulsion gel (NEG) as transdermal delivery systems for the poorly water soluble drug, Co-enzyme Q10 (Co Q10), to improve its solubility and skin permeability and thus improving its anti-wrinkle efficiency.Methods: An optimized nanoemulsion (NE) formula was chosen according to its particle size and stability and converted into nanoemulsion gel using different gelling agents, including; carbopol 934 (1%), xanthan gum (2%) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(NaCMC) (2%). Drug loaded nanoemulsion gels were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, viscosity and rheological behavior, conductivity, spreadability, drug content and permeation studies using Franz diffusion cell.Results: NEG containing 10% w/v isopropyl myristate (IPM) as oil, 60% w/v tween 80 and transcutol HP as surfactant/co-surfactant mixture (S/CoS), 30%w/v water, 2%w/v drug, and 1% w/v carbopol 934 as gelling gent was concluded as an optimized NEG formula. It exhibited pH, viscosity, drug content, particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index(PDI) and spreadability, as 5.4±0.011, 27588±2034.34 cps,101.51±0.93%,120.5±1.19 nm,-29.8±1.46, 0.273 and 6.16±0.28 cm, respectively. Also, it showed significantly higher cumulative amount of drug permeated through dialysis membrane (281.71±0.97μg/cm 2 ) and through rat skin (20.73±2.5 μg/cm 2 ) than the other formulae and marketed formulation (P<0.001). In addition, its permeability parameters like drug flux (Jss), enhancement ratio (Er) and permeability coefficient (Kp) exhibited the highest values; 12.79µg/cm 2 /h, 95.92×10 -4 cm 2 /h and 57.35, respectively for in vitro permeation study and 0.968µg/cm 2 /h, 7.26×10 -4 cm 2 /h and 1.183, respectively for ex-vivo permeation study.Further histopathological evaluation test showed that CoQ10 NEG has a good anti-wrinkle efficacy compared to the conventional topical dosage form. Conclusion:These results judged NEG to be a promising alternative carrier for topical delivery of Co Q10 to enhance its solubility, skin permeability and thus anti-wrinkle efficiency.

Dermatologic Gels Spreadability Measuring Methods Comparative Study

“…Modern researchers involved in topical semi-solid dosage forms quality assessment use a limited set of techniques to test the spreadability (various modifications of the parallel-plate method or the "slip and drag" method are most often used) [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In each same study, the conditions of the experiment are often subjected to significant or minor changes (parameters such as the exposure time of the load, the mass of the load, the mass of the dosage form, and the size of the glass plates).…”

“…The disadvantages of the method include the complexity of the experiment, inaccuracy in the subjective assessment. Measurements at low shear rates (about 1 s -1 ) do not give a correct idea of the rheological properties of the sample due to the design features of the measuring geometries [9].…”

“…A weight (50-500 g) of 125 g is placed on top for 1 minute. Then the diameter of the sample between the plates is measured [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Effect of Lovastatin Nano Drug Delivery System on Bone Mineral Density (Bmd) and Biomechanical Properties of Tibia Bones of Wistar Rats

“…In order to prepare NE gel, carbopol 940 polymer (1g) was firstly dissolved in 100 ml of water and allowed to swell for 24 h in dark place. To the swelled polymer, 10 g each of propylene glycol and isopropyl alcohol were added and mixed continuously for 10-15 min., followed by addition of 0.5 g of triethanolamine which resulted in the formation of clear translucent gel [14,24]. Finally, lovastatin loaded NE was mixed with 1g of above-prepared gel to result in the formation of lovastatin loaded NE gel (LNG5).…”

Historic Review on Modern Herbal Nanogel Formulation and Delivery Methods

“…Low absorption property of drug through the skin is itself a challenge to be contested by any other delivery methods. On that account, nanogels are being investigated to achieve the best penetration capability through the skin with additional functions [43], such as drug release response to environmental stimulus, pH and other factors [44]. Curcumin-loaded chitin nanogels have excellent skin permeability property and certainly increased the cellular intake in the target cancer cells [36].…”