Nanofibril Organization in Silk Fiber as Inspiration for Ductile and Damage-Tolerant Fiber Design

Lin, Shihui; Ye, Chao; Zhang, Wenwen; Xu, Anchang; Chen, Shixian; Ren, Jing; Ling, Shengjie

doi:10.1007/s42765-019-00013-y

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Silk fibroin is a well-known biomaterial used in biomedical applications due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and robust mechanical properties. − In addition, the visible light transmittance of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) films is above 90%, which is desired for many optical devices. , And the flexible silk fibroin material can also be achieved by a method such as incorporating small organic molecules . All of these beneficial features make silk fibroin an ideal candidate for the transparent substrate of bioelectronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparent Conductive Silk Film with a PEDOT–OH Nano Layer as an Electroactive Cell Interface

Zhuang

Pan

Qian

et al. 2021

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Bioelectronics based on biomaterial substrates are advancing toward biomedical applications. As excellent conductors, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and its derivatives have been widely developed in this field. However, it is still a big challenge to obtain a functional layer with a good electroconductive property, transparency, and strong adhesion on the biosubstrate. In this work, poly(hydroxymethyl-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT–OH) was chemically polymerized and deposited on the surface of a regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) film in an aqueous system. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used as the surfactant to form micelles which are beneficial to the polymer structure. To overcome the trade-off between transparency and the electroconductive property of the PEDOT–OH coating, a composite oxidant recipe of FeCl3 and ammonium persulfate (APS) was developed. Through electrostatic interaction of oppositely charged doping ions, a well-organized conductive nanoscale coating formed and a transparent conductive RSF/PEDOT–OH film was produced, which can hardly be achieved in a traditional single oxidant system. The produced film had a sheet resistance (R s) of 5.12 × 104 Ω/square corresponding to a conductivity of 8.9 × 10–2 S/cm and a maximum transmittance above 73% in the visible range. In addition, strong adhesion between PEDOT–OH and RSF and favorable electrochemical stability of the film were demonstrated. Desirable transparency of the film allowed real-time observation of live cells. Furthermore, the PEDOT–OH layer provided an improved environment for adhesion and differentiation of PC12 cells compared to the RSF surface alone. Finally, the feasibility of using the RSF/PEDOT–OH film to electrically stimulate PC12 cells was demonstrated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparent Conductive Silk Film with a PEDOT–OH Nano Layer as an Electroactive Cell Interface

Zhuang

Pan

Qian

et al. 2021

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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“…Compared with B. mori silks, A. pernyi silk presents a more obvious defect structure. The defects (e.g., cavities, cracks, surfaces, and tears) with a width around several to hundreds of nanometers are often detected in A. pernyi silk, which are mainly evolved from vacuoles in silk spinners, and its volume percentage can be as high as 30–50% (Zhang Q. et al, 2018 ; Lin et al, 2019 ). Meanwhile, B. mori silks are dense in such a mesoscale with tightly packed nanofibrils.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the impact of these defects on the mechanical properties of the silk is usually positive (Lin et al, 2019 ). These defects can improve the ductility and damage tolerance of fibers through restricted fibril shearing, controlled slippage, and cleavage (Lin et al, 2019 ). However, in terms of carbon fiber, the impact of these defects on its mechanical properties is catastrophic because the defects in an inorganic material are seeds for the fracture failure due to the localized stress concentrations (Wu et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Animal Silk-Derived Amorphous Carbon Fibers for Electricity Generation and Solar Steam Evaporation

Ren

Ling

2021

Front. Chem.

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Animal silk-derived carbon materials are of interest to various applications, such as smart cloth and wearable sensors. However, it remains a challenge to massively transform silks into continuous carbon fibers. In this work, carbon fibers based on two kinds of animal silks, i.e., Bombyx mori (B. mori) silk and Antheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) silk, are prepared by using a large-scale-capable one-step heating process without any additives or activation process. These carbon fibers and yarns are electroconductive and mechanically robust. To expand the application of these carbonized silks, we further weaved them with cotton yarns to obtain composite fabrics with different textures and evaluated their performance for solar steam evaporation. Our results confirmed that the advantages of these composite fabrics in light absorption, large surface area, and hierarchical liquid transport channels allowed them to be used as a solar steam generation for desalination and sewage treatment. In addition, we reported that these conductive carbon fibers could be assembled into fluidic nanogenerators to generate electricity from the water flow. This work is expected to guide a large-scale preparation and use of animal silk-derived amorphous carbon fibers.

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“…mori silk; therefore, A. pernyi silk is often used as a model silk for understanding the structure–property relationships of the broader silk family. , The primary structures of A. pernyi and Nephila spider dragline silk proteins are similar .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Continuous Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of Animal Silk

Ren

Lin

et al. 2020

Macromolecules

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Animal silks offer the combined advantages of high strength, high elastic modulus, and large extensibility and are often used as a powerful example of the biological material design paradigm to guide synthetic polymer designs. Although much is known about quasistatic mechanical properties of animal silks, their behavior under dynamic loading conditions has not been extensively explored. In this study, we used continuous dynamic analysis (CDA), which combines dynamic mechanical analysis and the quasistatic tensile test to quantitatively measure the viscoelastic properties of silk as a continuous function of strain. CDA observations indicate that instead of the simple linear-elastic response detected in quasistatic tensile measurements, a different structure−mechanic response occurs before the yield point. Furthermore, a structure−mechanic model based on viscoelastic theory was established to understand the contribution of secondary structures to the continuous dynamic mechanical behavior of silk. The secondary structures of silks and polymers are highly similar; therefore, the structure−property relationship uncovered in this study can directly guide the design of high-performance polymers, in particular, polymer fibers with desired dynamic mechanical characteristics.

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Nanofibril Organization in Silk Fiber as Inspiration for Ductile and Damage-Tolerant Fiber Design

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Transparent Conductive Silk Film with a PEDOT–OH Nano Layer as an Electroactive Cell Interface

Transparent Conductive Silk Film with a PEDOT–OH Nano Layer as an Electroactive Cell Interface

Animal Silk-Derived Amorphous Carbon Fibers for Electricity Generation and Solar Steam Evaporation

Understanding the Continuous Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of Animal Silk

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