Nanofiller‐reinforced polymer nanocomposites

Abstract

In this work, the technology of nano and micro-scale particle reinforcement concerning various polymeric fibre-reinforced systems including polyamides (PA), polyesters, polyurethanes, polypropylenes and high performance/temperature engineering polymers such as polyimide (PI), poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), polyarylacetylene (PAA) and poly p-phenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO) is reviewed. When the diameters of polymer fibre materials are shrunk from micrometers to submicrons or nanometers, there appear several unique characteristics such as very large surface area to volume ratio (this ratio for a nanofibre can be as large as 10 3 times of that of a microfibre), flexibility in surface functionalities and superior mechanical performance (such as stiffness and tensile strength) compared with any other known form of the material. However, nanoparticle reinforcement of fibre reinforced composites has been shown to be a possibility, but much work remains to be performed in order to understand how nanoreinforcement results in dramatic changes in material properties. The understanding of these phenomena will facilitate their extension to the reinforcement of more complicated anisotropic structures and advanced polymeric composite systems.

Mechanical and impact performance of three-phase polyamide 6 nanocomposites

“…Also, the nano-size presents a very large surface area to volume ratio. For example, it augments the surface area to volume ratio up to 10 3 times for a nanofibre compared to a microfiber [6]. It is also significant to note that only 5 wt.…”

“…to produce lighter, thinner, stronger and cheaper structures [6]. The nano-size of the fillers increases the area of contact between matrix and filler and so, reduces stress concentration around the filler.…”

“…Further, several parameters were demonstrated to have an influence on these mechanical properties (stiffness, modulus) such as interaction between the matrix and the fillers [17], fillers' size [18], fillers' volume fraction [19], and filler's shape [9]. Others advantages are the cost which is low considering that only a small amount of filler is necessary, and the ease of manufacture without need to change the conventional processing conditions in order to manufacture new products [6].…”

Fractionation of cellulose nanocrystals: enhancing liquid crystal ordering without promoting gelation

“…With today's prominent role of nanorods and their organization in a variety of advanced materials 2,3 , the phenomenon has also acquired key industrial relevance. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) constitute a class of nanorods that currently attracts considerable attention both from academia [4][5][6][7] and industry [8][9][10] for reasons in addition to the fact that they can be sustainably produced from plants or other bioresources.…”

Oil Palm Shell Nanofiller in Seaweed-based Composite Film: Mechanical, Physical, and Morphological Properties

“…Over the past few years, nanoparticles have been broadly regarded as a potential filler that could improve the physical and mechanical properties of polymer composites (Njuguna et al 2008). Nevertheless, there is still no report regarding the utilization of OPS as a nanofiller in composites based on biopolymer matrixes.…”