Nanofiltration: from prototype to full scale

Abstract

A nanofiltration membrane tailor‐made to address site‐specific concerns proves capable of overcoming both variable operating conditions and inherent membrane deficiencies. At a water facility in the Paris suburbs, a prototype nanofiltration (NF) plant was used to assess NF membrane performance prior to design and construction of a large‐scale expansion to an existing plant. Prototype operation uncovered both the successes and deficiencies in membrane performance, particularly with regard to the source water supplying the plant. In response to these concerns, a new membrane was developed in partnership with the membrane manufacturer. In parallel with the prototype work conducted in France, a similar membrane assessment was carried out in England. Results from both pilot‐plant operations indicate that an NF membrane manufactured to meet site‐specific concerns can overcome variable operating conditions and treat large water flows.

Seawater nanofiltration for the elaboration of usable salty waters

“…NF200 membrane which is made of sulphonated polyamide shows an opposite selectivity between Ca ++ and Mg++ in comparison with NF70 membrane. Ventresque et al [4] have observed the same results for Oise river due to the high affinity for calcium under magnesium for sulphonated ftmctionalized NF200. But the comparison between NF70 and NF200 shows that the first one keeps a higher level of concentration in the permeate for magnesium than for calcium.…”

“…But today the ability of novel NF membranes for a more selective demineralization of salty solutions using low costs materials makes it an interesting technique in many respects. Then we have decided to compare an old generation polyamide NF membrane (denoted NF70) with a novel generation of sulphonated (-SO3-) polyamide membrane (denoted NF200) developed specially to decrease by half the softening properties of usual NF membranes in order to elaborate drinking water from the Oise River, France [4]. The present paper will compare both NF membranes behaviours in seawater in terms of monovalents and divalent cations --N a ÷, Ca ++ and Mg ~ selectivity.…”

Ultrafiltration (UF) Pilot Plant for Municipal Wastewater Reuse in Agriculture: Impact of the Operation Mode on Process Performance

“…However, more contradictory results were obtained when smaller pathogens like Cryptosporidium, Giardia and MS2 were considered [5,8,9].…”

Nanofiltration: a Final Step in Industrial Process Water Treatment

“…b) Dissolved organic compounds: natural organic matter, organic color causing compounds, [12], biodegradable dissolved organic molecules [8,13], biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC), assimilable organic carbon (AOC) [11]. c) Organic micro-pollutants: pesticides [14], emerging organic micro-pollutants (endocrine disruptors, pharmaceuticals, etc.)…”

“…c) Organic micro-pollutants: pesticides [14], emerging organic micro-pollutants (endocrine disruptors, pharmaceuticals, etc.) [15], taste and odor causing components [8,13].…”