Nanomanipulation and Nanotribology of Nanoparticles and Nanotubes Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Maharaj, Dave; Bhushan, Bharat

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31107-9_18

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This depicts a constant hardening effect up to the loads used as seen in previous experiments with Au nanoparticles 500 nm in diameter, by Maharaj and Bhushan. 40 Higher loads were not possible as the nanoparticles would either adhere to the indenter tip or slip out, resulting in the nanoparticle not being found during subsequent imaging. As discussed by Maharaj and Bhushan 40 it is believed that the dislocations generated, which are responsible for plastic deformation, either continue to pile up or the already existing dislocations created during the previous loading phase prevent movement of new dislocations, resulting in strain hardening.…”

Section: Compression With a At Punchdeformation Of Entire Au Nps And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nano-objects made of materials including Au, Cu, Nb and Ni have displayed enhanced mechanical properties in several studies using a depth sensing nanoindenter. [35][36][37][38][39][40] In these nanoindentation (local deformation) and compression (global deformation) studies it was found that hardness or yield strength increased as diameter decreased. The scale dependence was explained in terms of the dislocation starvation model or Hall-Petch effect for single crystalline and polycrystalline nano-objects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12][13][14] In addition to their lubricating ability, their chemical inertness, low to no toxic effects and higher hardness compared to bulk make them attractive as lubricants. 40 Of interest are Au nanorods (NRs). Various studies have made use of Au NRs for applications including monitoring of carbon nanotube alignment in various lms, 41 aspect ratio and cellular uptake for drug delivery 42 and molecular imaging and photothermal cancer therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomanipulation, nanotribology and nanomechanics of Au nanorods in dry and liquid environments using an AFM and depth sensing nanoindenter

Maharaj

Bhushan

2014

Nanoscale

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Nano-objects in dry and liquid conditions have shown reductions in friction and wear on the macroscale. In this research, for the first time, Au nanorods were studied on the nanoscale under dry conditions and submerged in water for their effect on friction and wear reduction. The data were compared with spherical Au nanoparticles. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments on the nanoscale were performed in single-nano-object contact with an AFM tip, where nano-objects were laterally manipulated, and multiple-nano-object contact with a tip attached to a glass sphere sliding over several nano-objects. Nanoscale and macroscale wear tests with an AFM and ball-on-flat tribometer were performed to relate friction and wear reduction on both scales. Results indicate that Au nano-objects contribute to friction and wear reduction due to the reduced contact area and possible rolling and sliding on the nanoscale. Compression tests (global deformation) using a nanoindenter with a flat punch were used to investigate the mechanical behavior under load and its relation to friction and wear reduction. Repeat compression tests of nano-objects were performed which showed a strain hardening effect and increased pop-ins during subsequent loads.

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Section: Compression With a At Punchdeformation Of Entire Au Nps And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomanipulation, nanotribology and nanomechanics of Au nanorods in dry and liquid environments using an AFM and depth sensing nanoindenter

Maharaj

Bhushan

2014

Nanoscale

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“…Nanoscale friction can significantly affect the design and performance of micro/nano-electromechanical systems [1], the assembly and manipulation of nanoparticles (NPs) and nanowires (NWs) [2][3][4], and the development of reversible dry adhesives [5] and wall-climbing robots [6]. As a result, an increasing number of studies over the past two decades have aimed to develop a fundamental understanding of nanoscale friction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The kinetic frictional shear stress of ZnO nanowires on graphite and mica substrates

Hou

Mead

Wang

et al. 2019

Applied Surface Science

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The frictional shear stress between a nanostructure and a smooth substrate plays a crucial role in the development of nanodevices; however, it is extremely difficult to measure. In this work, the kinetic frictional shear stress of hexagonal ZnO nanowires on graphite and mica substrates was measured in an ambient atmosphere by optical microscope based nanomanipulation. Both substrates have similar surface roughness values of sub-angstrom-scale and interfacial adhesion energies with ZnO nanowires. Yet, a kinetic frictional shear stress of 0.51 MPa was obtained for the ZnO-graphite system, significantly lower than that of 5.1 MPa for the ZnO-mica system. The results demonstrate that the kinetic friction at a perfectly smooth contact interface may not be controlled by the adhesion, whilst being commonly referred to as adhesive friction or adhesion-dominated fiction. Similar to the combining equations for adhesion, we propose two empirical combining equations to estimate the frictional shear stress between two smooth surfaces using results more simply obtained from a reference surface. The validity of the equations is supported by our experimental results and recently published data for atomically smooth interface systems obtained under the similar environmental conditions.

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“…These investigations showed that changes in surface roughness induce measurable changes in the fluid‐mechanical behavior of cohesive granular materials (clustering, shear cell, fluidization, etc.). However, coating surfaces with nanoparticles results in changes to the coefficient of friction, for example, the nanoparticle‐coating typically acts as a lubricant and reduces friction. Moreover, the fluid‐mechanical behavior of noncohesive granular materials in similar systems has shown sensitivity to the friction coefficient .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How nano‐scale roughness impacts the flow of grains influenced by capillary cohesion

et al. 2017

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SignificanceWe show that nano-scale changes in surface roughness affect the macro-scale (many-particle) behavior of granular materials influenced by cohesion. Macro-scale effects of roughness are investigated for conditions where cohesion is dominated by either humidity-induced or van der Waals-induced forces. Surface-topography measurements are used to calculate the relevant interparticle cohesive forces. The (force-dominated) macro-scale cohesion measurements are explained via the ratio of the predicted interparticle cohesive force to gravity, thus reinforcing the importance of roughness to cohesion.The values of u mf plotted in (b) are extracted from (a). Increasing cohesion (via a decrease in roughness or an increase in RH) results in a decrease in the slope of Dp* vs. u in the packed state-such that a statistically significant increase in u mf /u mf,NC is measured between the particles both at dry and humid conditions. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals, but may be too small to distinguish on the scale of the plot. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] AIChE Journal

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Nanomanipulation and Nanotribology of Nanoparticles and Nanotubes Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Nanomanipulation, nanotribology and nanomechanics of Au nanorods in dry and liquid environments using an AFM and depth sensing nanoindenter

Nanomanipulation, nanotribology and nanomechanics of Au nanorods in dry and liquid environments using an AFM and depth sensing nanoindenter

The kinetic frictional shear stress of ZnO nanowires on graphite and mica substrates

How nano‐scale roughness impacts the flow of grains influenced by capillary cohesion

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