Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors using Field-Effect Transistors: A Review

Manimekala, T.; Sivasubramanian, R.; Dharmalingam, Gnanaprakash

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09492-z

Cited by 56 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…Field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors have been actively applied for virus detection, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, owing to their small size, label-free nature, multiplex detection, and ultra-high sensitivity [ 62 , 63 , 64 ]. Seo et al developed a graphene-based FET biosensing device for the early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples [ 65 ].…”

Section: Virus Detection On Microfluidic Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Molecular and Immunological Diagnostic Platform for Virus Detection: A Review

2023

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused an ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak and a rising demand for the development of accurate, timely, and cost-effective diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 as well as other viral infections in general. Currently, traditional virus screening methods such as plate culturing and real-time PCR are considered the gold standard with accurate and sensitive results. However, these methods still require sophisticated equipment, trained personnel, and a long analysis time. Alternatively, with the integration of microfluidic and biosensor technologies, microfluidic-based biosensors offer the ability to perform sample preparation and simultaneous detection of many analyses in one platform. High sensitivity, accuracy, portability, low cost, high throughput, and real-time detection can be achieved using a single platform. This review presents recent advances in microfluidic-based biosensors from many works to demonstrate the advantages of merging the two technologies for sensing viruses. Different platforms for virus detection are classified into two main sections: immunoassays and molecular assays. Moreover, available commercial sensing tests are analyzed.

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Section: Virus Detection On Microfluidic Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Molecular and Immunological Diagnostic Platform for Virus Detection: A Review

2023

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“…The special structure and superior optical and electrical properties of 2D materials make them promising as platforms and/or probes for developing sensitive sensors. [145][146][147][148][149][150] In recent years, the gas sensors and biosensors based on 2D oxides have been reported widely. [151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159] In this section, we will introduce sensors based on 2D oxides electronic or optoelectronic devices.…”

Section: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Oxides for Electronics and Optoelectronics

Liu

Cai³

et al. 2022

Small Science

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In recent years, 2D oxides have attracted considerable attention due to their novel physical properties and excellent stability. With the efforts of researchers, significant progress has been made in the synthesis and electronics and optoelectronics application of 2D oxides. Herein, a systematic review focusing on the preparation of 2D oxides and their applications in electronics and optoelectronics is provided. First, 2D oxides are summarized and classified according to their elements. Then, common preparation methods to synthesize 2D oxides including exfoliation, liquid‐phase synthesis, vapor deposition, surface oxidation of metal, and so on are introduced. Further, the applications of 2D oxides in electronics and optoelectronics are presented. Finally, the current challenges and envisioned development of 2D oxides are commented and prospected.

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“…The most current sensing techniques , rely on labels, trained professional staff, or expensive equipment. However, field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors have recently received increasing attention, given that FET-based biosensors could directly translate the interaction with the target biomolecules on the sensor surface to an electrical signal, reducing the cost and time required for sample preparation. Conventional FET-based biosensors, such as ion-sensitive FETs (ISFET), consist of three electrodes (i.e., source, drain, and gate), a thin insulating layer, and a semiconductor channel .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By applying a certain gate voltage through an electrolyte solution and a constant voltage between source and drain electrodes, the sensing channel can be activated, allowing for the detection of various kinds of biomolecules through charges in surface potential. To improve the performance of the ISFET sensors, insulator materials (SiO 2 , Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 , HfO 2 , and Ta 2 O 5 ), structure, and functionality of the ISFET gate have been studied . However, the sensitivity of ISFET biosensor is not solely determined by changes in the surface potential at the solid–liquid interface or the composition of the electrical double layer; it is also influenced by the large sensing area, leading to a detection limitation of picomolar–micromolar for biomolecule detection .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Depletion Layer Thickness in Silicon Nanowire-Based Biosensors from Attomolar-Level Biomolecular Detection

Zhang

Qiu

Osawa

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Silicon nanowire (SiNW) biosensors have attracted a lot of attention due to their superior sensitivity. Recently, the dependence of biomolecule detection sensitivity on the nanowire (NW) width, number, and doping density has been partially investigated. However, the primary reason for achieving ultrahigh sensitivity has not been elucidated thus far. In this study, we designed and fabricated SiNW biosensors with different widths (10.8–155 nm) by integrating a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process and electron beam lithography. We aimed to investigate the detection limit of SiNW biosensors and reveal the critical effect of the 10-nm-scaled SiNW width on the detection sensitivity. The sensing performance was evaluated by detecting antiovalbumin immunoglobulin G (IgG) with various concentrations (from 6 aM to 600 nM). The initial thickness of the depletion region of the SiNW and the changes in the depletion region due to biomolecule binding were calculated. The basis of this calculation are the resistance change ratios as functions of IgG concentrations using SiNWs with different widths. The calculation results reveal that the proportion of the depletion region over the entire SiNW channel is the essential reason for high-sensitivity detection. Therefore, this study is crucial for an indepth understanding on how to maximize the sensitivity of SiNW biosensors.

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Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors using Field-Effect Transistors: A Review

Cited by 56 publications

References 158 publications

Recent Advances in Molecular and Immunological Diagnostic Platform for Virus Detection: A Review

Recent Advances in Molecular and Immunological Diagnostic Platform for Virus Detection: A Review

2D Oxides for Electronics and Optoelectronics

Estimation of the Depletion Layer Thickness in Silicon Nanowire-Based Biosensors from Attomolar-Level Biomolecular Detection

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