Nanomaterials and Oxidative Stress

Abstract

With the rapid development of new nanomaterials, it was recognized early that together with their beneficial properties, nanomaterials may pose a risk to human health and the environment. Evidence has accumulated over the last twenty years in support of oxidative stress as a broad mechanistic concept to explain the interaction of engineered nanoparticles with biological substances. As oxidative stress as a physiological response was recognized in redox biology, its wide-ranging use in nanotoxicology has exposed new challenges and limitations. In this commentary, we review certain oxidative stress concepts and their relevance to nanotoxicology.

Silver Nanoparticles on Nanoscale Silica Platelets (AgNP/NSP) and Nanoscale Silica Platelets (NSP) Inhibit the Development of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum

“…33 Photocatalytic titanium dioxide nanoparticles can generate highly reactive hydroxyl radicals that damage DNA, 34 and cells that experience extreme oxidative stress die through programmed cell death. 35 In our research, the TEM results showed hollowing in the Fon cells treated with AgNP/NSP and NSP. In addition, propidium iodide stain assay demonstrated that AgNP/NSP and NSP increased Fon cell membrane permeability significantly.…”

“…Application of silver nanoparticles affects mitochondrial function and induces reactive oxygen species accumulation that leads to oxidative stress . Photocatalytic titanium dioxide nanoparticles can generate highly reactive hydroxyl radicals that damage DNA, and cells that experience extreme oxidative stress die through programmed cell death . In our research, the TEM results showed hollowing in the Fon cells treated with AgNP/NSP and NSP.…”

Standards for Quantitative Measurement of DNA Damage in Mammalian Cells

“…Oxidative stress is widely studied in biomedical toxicology [ 56 ]. Experiments designed to simulate an oxidative environment typically involve incubations with a particular concentration of a chemical oxidizer.…”