Nanomaterials for photoelectrochemical water splitting – review

Joy, Josny; Mathew, Jinu; George, Soney C.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.01.099

Cited by 450 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Nanostructuring of materials provides new opportunities to break the limitations in PEC photoelectrodes . Compared with the film and bulk counterparts, nanostructured materials have much larger electrode/electrolyte interface area and shorter diffusion distance for minority carriers, which promote the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers …”

Section: Structural Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tungsten Trioxide Nanostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: Material Engineering and Charge Carrier Dynamic Manipulation

Wang

Tian

Chen

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

142

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To address the energy crisis and environmental problems, the applications of solar energy have received intensive attention. Converting solar energy to hydrogen using a photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell is one of the most promising approaches to meet future energy demands. As an earth abundant metal oxide, tungsten trioxide (WO3), which has a moderate band gap (2.5–2.7 eV), ideal valence band position, and high resistance to photocorrosion, has been widely utilized in PEC photoanodes. To obtain a WO3 photoanode with high PEC efficiency, tremendous efforts have been made to improve the light absorption capacity, charge carrier dynamics, and oxygen evolution activity. In this report, the recent advances in WO3 photoanode optimization, including morphology design, dopants doping, heterojunction fabrication, and surface modification are summarized. In this review, these developments and representative applications of WO3 photoanodes in unassisted water splitting devices are also discussed. Finally, perspectives on the significant challenges and future prospects for the development of WO3 photoanodes for PEC water splitting are provided.

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Section: Structural Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tungsten Trioxide Nanostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: Material Engineering and Charge Carrier Dynamic Manipulation

Wang

Tian

Chen

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

142

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“…PEC water splitting includes two half‐reactions: the reduction process of hydrogen evolution and the oxidation process of oxygen evolution. The half‐reaction of hydrogen evolution involves two electrons, while the process of water oxidation to oxygen requires four electrons and generates four intermediate species, inducing a large kinetic energy barrier. Thus, in most cases, the half‐reaction of oxygen evolution from water is the rate‐determining step in the process of PEC water splitting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of BiVO₄ Photoanode Performance During Water Photo‐Oxidation Using Rh‐Doped SrTiO₃ Perovskite as a Co‐Catalyst

Zhang

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

124

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In this work, a water splitting photoanode composed of a BiVO 4 thin film surface modified by the deposition of a rhodium (Rh)-doped SrTiO 3 perovskite is fabricated, and the Rh-doped SrTiO 3 outer layer exhibits special photoelectrochemical (PEC) oxygen evolution co-catalytic activity. Controlled intensity modulated photo-current spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and other electrochemical results indicate that the Rh on the perovskite provide an oxidation active site during the PEC water oxidation process by reducing the reaction energy barrier for water oxidation. Theoretical calculations indicate that the water oxidation reaction is more likely to occur on the (110) crystal plane of Rh-SrTiO 3 because the oxygen evolution reaction overpotential on the (110) crystal plane is reduced significantly. Therefore, the obtained BiVO 4 /Rh5%-SrTiO 3 photoanode exhibits an optimized PEC performance. In particular, it facilitates the saturation of the photocurrent density. Thus, the presence of doped Rh in SrTiO 3 can reduce the amount of noble metals required while achieving excellent and stable oxygen evolution properties.

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“…While serving as electrode material in an electrolyzer, the absorber should have a low over‐potential for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER, 2H + + 2e − → H 2 ) to efficiently reduce the hydrogen ions to H 2 . Thus, to explore the Earth‐abundant and inexpensive photoelectrodes and HER catalysts for PEC applications is of great interest for cost‐effective solar energy conversion and storage applications . For example, a considerable number of oxides such as Fe 2 O 3 , Cu 2 O, TiO 2 , and BiVO 4 and the chalcogenides such as Cu(In, Ga) S 2 , Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 , CdTe, and SnS have been intensely investigated as PEC absorbers …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Core–Shell MoS₂/Sb₂Se₃ Nanorod Array Photocathodes for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Guo

Shinde

et al. 2019

Solar RRL

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Photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen generation is a promising solar energy harvesting technique to address the concerns about the ongoing energy crisis. Antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) with van der Waals‐bonded quasi‐1D (Q1D) nanoribbons, for instance, (Sb4Se6)n, has attracted considerable interest as a light absorber with Earth‐abundant elements, suitable bandgap, and a desired sunlight absorption coefficient. By tuning its anisotropic growth behavior, it is possible to achieve Sb2Se3 films with nanostructured morphologies that can improve the light absorption and photogenerated charge carrier separation, eventually boosting the PEC water‐splitting performance. Herein, high‐quality Sb2Se3 films with nanorod (NR) array surface morphologies are synthesized by a low‐cost, high‐yield, and scalable close‐spaced sublimation technique. By sputtering a nonprecious and scalable crystalline molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) film as a cocatalyst and a protective layer on Sb2Se3 NR arrays, the fabricated core–shell structured MoS2/Sb2Se3 NR PEC devices can achieve a photocurrent density as high as −10 mA cm−2 at 0 VRHE in a buffered near‐neutral solution (pH 6.5) under a standard simulated air mass 1.5 solar illumination. The scalable manufacturing of nanostructured MoS2/Sb2Se3 NR array thin‐film photocathode electrodes for efficient PEC water splitting to generate solar fuel is demonstrated.

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Nanomaterials for photoelectrochemical water splitting – review

Cited by 450 publications

References 127 publications

Tungsten Trioxide Nanostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: Material Engineering and Charge Carrier Dynamic Manipulation

Tungsten Trioxide Nanostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: Material Engineering and Charge Carrier Dynamic Manipulation

Improvement of BiVO₄ Photoanode Performance During Water Photo‐Oxidation Using Rh‐Doped SrTiO₃ Perovskite as a Co‐Catalyst

Scalable Core–Shell MoS₂/Sb₂Se₃ Nanorod Array Photocathodes for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

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Nanomaterials for photoelectrochemical water splitting – review

Cited by 450 publications

References 127 publications

Tungsten Trioxide Nanostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: Material Engineering and Charge Carrier Dynamic Manipulation

Tungsten Trioxide Nanostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: Material Engineering and Charge Carrier Dynamic Manipulation

Improvement of BiVO4 Photoanode Performance During Water Photo‐Oxidation Using Rh‐Doped SrTiO3 Perovskite as a Co‐Catalyst

Scalable Core–Shell MoS2/Sb2Se3 Nanorod Array Photocathodes for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Improvement of BiVO₄ Photoanode Performance During Water Photo‐Oxidation Using Rh‐Doped SrTiO₃ Perovskite as a Co‐Catalyst

Scalable Core–Shell MoS₂/Sb₂Se₃ Nanorod Array Photocathodes for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting