Nanomaterials relieving hypoxia for enhanced tumor therapy

In Situ Formed Microalgae-Integrated Living Hydrogel for Enhanced Tumor Starvation Therapy and Immunotherapy through Photosynthetic Oxygenation

“…Advancements in nanotechnology have led to the use of various nanoparticles for delivering exogenous O 2 or in situ generating O 2 for tumor hypoxia alleviation. 25 However, this reoxygenation processing is transient due to the limited O 2 loading capacity, low intratumoral H 2 O 2 for O 2 generation, and easy clearance of nanomaterials. 26−29 Thus, it is critical to explore new methods for an efficient, controllable, and continuous supply of the O 2 to reoxygenate tumor hypoxia areas.…”

“…However, agents for tumor vessel normalization, such as bevacizumab, sorafenib, and nitric oxide (NO), induce delayed oxygenation effects and necessitate precise dosage control due to their narrow therapeutic window. − Instead, direct O 2 supplementation through respiratory hyperoxia can rapidly and effectively alleviate intratumoral hypoxia, thereby enhancing PDT and RT, or attenuating the immunosuppression. − Nevertheless, this strategy is constrained by hyperoxia-related damages and nonspecific O 2 delivery. Advancements in nanotechnology have led to the use of various nanoparticles for delivering exogenous O 2 or in situ generating O 2 for tumor hypoxia alleviation . However, this reoxygenation processing is transient due to the limited O 2 loading capacity, low intratumoral H 2 O 2 for O 2 generation, and easy clearance of nanomaterials. − Thus, it is critical to explore new methods for an efficient, controllable, and continuous supply of the O 2 to reoxygenate tumor hypoxia areas.…”