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Sonocatalytic therapy (SCT) holds promise due to its exceptional penetration depth; however, the rapid recombination of electron‐hole (e−‐h+) pairs and the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) impede its broader application. Herein, we discovered that antimony (Sb)‐based nanomaterials induced pyroptosis in cancer cells. Therefore, a Schottky heterojunction containing a Sb component (Sb2Se3@Pt) was effectively designed and constructed via in‐situ growth of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) on a Sb2Se3 semiconductor with narrow bandgaps, which were utilized as US‐heightened pyroptosis initiators to induce highly effective pyroptosis in cancer cells to boost SCT‐immunotherapy. The biological effects of the Sb2Se3@Pt nanoheterojunction itself combined with the sonocatalytic amplification of oxidative stress significantly induced Caspase‐1/GSDMD‐dependent pyroptosis in cancer cells. Therefore, SCT treatment with Sb2Se3@Pt not only effectively restrained tumor proliferation but also induced potent immune memory responses and suppressed tumor recurrence. Furthermore, the integration of this innovative strategy with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment elicited a systemic immune response, effectively augmenting therapeutic effects and impeding the growth of abscopal tumors. Overall, this study provides further opportunities to explore pyroptosis‐mediated SCT‐immunotherapy.
Sonocatalytic therapy (SCT) holds promise due to its exceptional penetration depth; however, the rapid recombination of electron‐hole (e−‐h+) pairs and the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) impede its broader application. Herein, we discovered that antimony (Sb)‐based nanomaterials induced pyroptosis in cancer cells. Therefore, a Schottky heterojunction containing a Sb component (Sb2Se3@Pt) was effectively designed and constructed via in‐situ growth of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) on a Sb2Se3 semiconductor with narrow bandgaps, which were utilized as US‐heightened pyroptosis initiators to induce highly effective pyroptosis in cancer cells to boost SCT‐immunotherapy. The biological effects of the Sb2Se3@Pt nanoheterojunction itself combined with the sonocatalytic amplification of oxidative stress significantly induced Caspase‐1/GSDMD‐dependent pyroptosis in cancer cells. Therefore, SCT treatment with Sb2Se3@Pt not only effectively restrained tumor proliferation but also induced potent immune memory responses and suppressed tumor recurrence. Furthermore, the integration of this innovative strategy with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment elicited a systemic immune response, effectively augmenting therapeutic effects and impeding the growth of abscopal tumors. Overall, this study provides further opportunities to explore pyroptosis‐mediated SCT‐immunotherapy.
Sonocatalytic therapy (SCT) holds promise due to its exceptional penetration depth; however, the rapid recombination of electron‐hole (e−‐h+) pairs and the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) impede its broader application. Herein, we discovered that antimony (Sb)‐based nanomaterials induced pyroptosis in cancer cells. Therefore, a Schottky heterojunction containing a Sb component (Sb2Se3@Pt) was effectively designed and constructed via in‐situ growth of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) on a Sb2Se3 semiconductor with narrow bandgaps, which were utilized as US‐heightened pyroptosis initiators to induce highly effective pyroptosis in cancer cells to boost SCT‐immunotherapy. The biological effects of the Sb2Se3@Pt nanoheterojunction itself combined with the sonocatalytic amplification of oxidative stress significantly induced Caspase‐1/GSDMD‐dependent pyroptosis in cancer cells. Therefore, SCT treatment with Sb2Se3@Pt not only effectively restrained tumor proliferation but also induced potent immune memory responses and suppressed tumor recurrence. Furthermore, the integration of this innovative strategy with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment elicited a systemic immune response, effectively augmenting therapeutic effects and impeding the growth of abscopal tumors. Overall, this study provides further opportunities to explore pyroptosis‐mediated SCT‐immunotherapy.
Cancer is a significant global health issue. Platinum‐based chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, are crucial in clinical anti‐cancer treatment. However, these drugs have limitations such as drug resistance, non‐specific distribution, and irreversible toxic and side effects. In recent years, the development of metal‐based agents has led to the discovery of other anti‐cancer effects beyond chemotherapy. Precise spatiotemporal controlled external irradiation can activate metal‐based agents at specific sites and play a different role from traditional chemotherapy. These strategies can not only enhance the anti‐cancer efficiency, but also show fewer side effects and non‐cross‐drug resistance, which are ideal approaches to solve the problems caused by traditional platinum‐based chemotherapy drugs. In this review, we focus onvarious metal‐based agent‐mediated cancer therapies that are activated by three types of external irradiation: near‐infrared (NIR) light, ultrasound (US), and X‐ray, and give some prospects. We hope that this review will promote the generation of new kinds of metal‐based anti‐cancer agents.
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