Nanomedicine: The Future for Advancing Medicine and Neuroscience

Tosi, Giovanni; Ruozi, Barbara; Belletti, Daniela

doi:10.2217/nnm.12.90

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The majority of drugs present an optimal concentration range within which maximum benefit is derived, and concentrations above or below these limits will more likely produce toxicity, having no therapeutic advantage . Another critical issue consists in the remarkable difficulty of many therapeutic molecules in overcoming biological barriers . In this regard, the emergence of nanomedicine opens new therapeutic opportunities for bioactive molecules that cannot be used effectively as conventional drug formulations .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Force Microscopy as a Tool to Assess the Specificity of Targeted Nanoparticles in Biological Models of High Complexity

Gomes

Lopes

Leitner

et al. 2017

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The ability to design nanoparticle delivery systems capable of selectively target their payloads to specific cell populations is still a major caveat in nanomedicine. One of the main hurdles is the fact that each nanoparticle formulation needs to be precisely tuned to match the specificities of the target cell and route of administration. In this work, molecular recognition force spectroscopy (MRFS) is presented as a tool to evaluate the specificity of neuron-targeted trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles to neuronal cell populations in biological samples of different complexity. The use of atomic force microscopy tips functionalized with targeted or non-targeted nanoparticles made it possible to assess the specific interaction of each formulation with determined cell surface receptors in a precise fashion. More importantly, the combination of MRFS with fluorescent microscopy allowed to probe the nanoparticles vectoring capacity in models of high complexity, such as primary mixed cultures, as well as specific subcellular regions in histological tissues. Overall, this work contributes for the establishment of MRFS as a powerful alternative technique to animal testing in vector design and opens new avenues for the development of advanced targeted nanomedicines.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Force Microscopy as a Tool to Assess the Specificity of Targeted Nanoparticles in Biological Models of High Complexity

Gomes

Lopes

Leitner

et al. 2017

Adv Healthcare Materials

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“…Even if pharmaceutical nanotechnology (and its application to medicine) is aiming both to individuate novel therapeutic approaches for difficult-to-treat pathologies, such as central nervous system disorders, 49,50 and to implement the possibility of diagnosis or detection, [51][52][53] an important role has to be dedicated to the intracellular dynamics and the intracellular trafficking of nanocarriers, as it is a hot topic in the nanomedicine field. Aiming to highlight the intracellular fate of nanocarriers requires novel and specific technologies for assessing nanoscopic grades of analysis and detection; therefore the findings of this research underlined the usefulness and potentiality of the application of these advanced spectroscopic and imaging techniques (particularly the nondestructive FTIR technique) to study NP localization in vitro.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of PLGA-based nanoparticles at a single-cell level by synchrotron radiation FTIR spectromicroscopy and correlation with X-ray fluorescence microscopy

Pascolo

Bortot

Benseny‐Cases

et al. 2014

IJN

Self Cite

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Poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is one of the few polymers approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as a carrier for drug administration in humans; therefore, it is one of the most used materials in the formulation of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) for therapeutic purposes. Because the cellular uptake of polymeric NPs is a hot topic in the nanomedicine field, the development of techniques able to ensure incontrovertible evidence of the presence of NPs in the cells plays a key role in gaining understanding of their therapeutic potential. On the strength of this premise, this article aims to evaluate the application of synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (SR-FTIR) spectromicroscopy and SR X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) microscopy in the study of the in vitro interaction of PLGA NPs with cells. To reach this goal, we used PLGA NPs, sized around 200 nm and loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (PLGA-IO-NPs; Fe 3 O 4 ; size, 10–15 nm). After exposing human mesothelial (MeT5A) cells to PLGA-IO-NPs (0.1 mg/mL), the cells were analyzed after fixation both by SR-FTIR spectromicroscopy and SR-XRF microscopy setups. SR-FTIR-SM enabled the detection of PLGA NPs at single-cell level, allowing polymer detection inside the biological matrix by the characteristic band in the 1,700–2,000 cm −1 region. The precise PLGA IR-signature (1,750 cm −1 centered pick) also was clearly evident within an area of high amide density. SR-XRF microscopy performed on the same cells investigated under SR-FTIR microscopy allowed us to put in evidence the Fe presence in the cells and to emphasize the intracellular localization of the PLGA-IO-NPs. These findings suggest that SR-FTIR and SR-XRF techniques could be two valuable tools to follow the PLGA NPs’ fate in in vitro studies on cell cultures.

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“…The membrane also provides a longer therapeutic period (more than 8 weeks) than does the Gliadel wafer (5–7 days), which can increase therapeutic efficacy and reduce resistance. The polymeric nanofibres as nanocarriers can protect drugs and deliver them across the BBB for targeting a specific brain cell population [ 39 ]. Chemotherapeutic agents and antiangiogenic agents are released from degrading nanofibrous membranes for achieving high and low drug concentrations in the treatment area (brain tissues) and blood (systemic), respectively, thus minimising systemic toxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced interstitial chemotherapy combined with targeted treatment of malignant glioma in rats by using drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes

Tseng

Yang

et al. 2016

Oncotarget

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most prevalent and malignant form of a primary brain tumour, is resistant to chemotherapy. In this study, we concurrently loaded three chemotherapeutic agents [bis-chloroethylnitrosourea, irinotecan, and cisplatin; BIC] into 50:50 poly[(d,l)-lactide-co-glycolide] (PLGA) nanofibres and an antiangiogenic agent (combretastatin) into 75:25 PLGA nanofibres [BIC and combretastatin (BICC)/PLGA]. The BICC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes were surgically implanted onto the brain surfaces of healthy rats for conducting pharmacodynamic studies and onto C6 glioma-bearing rats for estimating the therapeutic efficacy.The chemotherapeutic agents were rapidly released from the 50:50 PLGA nanofibres after implantation, followed by the release of combretastatin (approximately 2 weeks later) from the 75:25 PLGA nanofibres. All drug concentrations remained higher in brain tissues than in the blood for more than 8 weeks. The experimental results, including attenuated malignancy, retarded tumour growth, and prolonged survival in tumour-bearing rats, demonstrated the efficacy of the BICC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes. Furthermore, the efficacy of BIC/PLGA and BICC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes was compared. The BICC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes more efficiently retarded the tumour growth and attenuated the malignancy of C6 glioma-bearing rats. Moreover, the addition of combretastatin did not significantly change the drug release behaviour of the BIC/PLGA nanofibrous membranes. The present advanced and novel interstitial chemotherapy and targeted treatment provide a potential strategy and regimen for treating GBM.

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Nanomedicine: The Future for Advancing Medicine and Neuroscience

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Atomic Force Microscopy as a Tool to Assess the Specificity of Targeted Nanoparticles in Biological Models of High Complexity

Atomic Force Microscopy as a Tool to Assess the Specificity of Targeted Nanoparticles in Biological Models of High Complexity

Detection of PLGA-based nanoparticles at a single-cell level by synchrotron radiation FTIR spectromicroscopy and correlation with X-ray fluorescence microscopy

Advanced interstitial chemotherapy combined with targeted treatment of malignant glioma in rats by using drug-loaded nanofibrous membranes

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