2006
DOI: 10.2147/nano.2006.1.4.385
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Nanomedicines in the treatment of acromegaly: focus on pegvisomant

Abstract: This article examines the role of pegvisomant in the treatment of acromegaly. This syndrome, caused by excessive growth hormone (GH) secretion by a pituitary adenoma, is associated with a doubled mortality rate and poor quality of life. Pituitary microsurgery has long been the fi rst choice of treatment since it cures many patients, especially those with localized tumors. Adjuvant irradiation was given if insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) or GH did not normalize. The introduction of long-acting slow-release… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(21 citation statements)
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References 133 publications
(102 reference statements)
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“…In other words, GH have liver-derived IGF-1-independent effects in target tissues, partly mediated by local production of IGFs [59,60] . The question arises whether cells in nonhepatic target tissues will achieve a normal metabolic state during receptor blockage with Peg, where (as discussed above) endogenous GH secretion increases; no such data are yet available [61] .…”
Section: New Strategies For Combination Of Medical Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In other words, GH have liver-derived IGF-1-independent effects in target tissues, partly mediated by local production of IGFs [59,60] . The question arises whether cells in nonhepatic target tissues will achieve a normal metabolic state during receptor blockage with Peg, where (as discussed above) endogenous GH secretion increases; no such data are yet available [61] .…”
Section: New Strategies For Combination Of Medical Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…PEG-protein conjugates have gained particular importance due to the ability of PEG to protect against protein enzymatic degradation and reduce uptake by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) 33, 34 , both properties imparted via simple steric hindrance. Protein PEGylation has led to the development of numerous therapeutics, including the FDA approved products PEG-asparaginase (Oncaspar ® ) 35 , PEG-adensoine deaminase (Adagen ® ) 36 , PEG-interferon α-2a (Pegasys ® ) 37 , PEG-interferon α-2b (PEG-Intron ® ) 38 , PEG-granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (Neulasta ® ) 39 , and PEG-growth hormone receptor antagonist (Somavert ® ) 40 . Most commonly, conjugation to PEG is performed via coupling to the end chains 41 .…”
Section: Linear Polymersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Neulasta ® , a PEGylated recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) containing 20,000 g/mol PEG was approved in 2002 by the FDA as subcutaneous injection for the treatment of cancer to minimize chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Neulasta ® exhibited prolonged systemic circulation and reduced renal elimination of the PEGylated GCSF compared to the unmodified protein which enabled single injection per chemotherapy cycle compared with the 10 injections per day required for the G-CSF alone (38,(169)(170)(171).…”
Section: Polyethylene Glycolmentioning
confidence: 99%