Nanoparticle-based delivery platforms for mRNA vaccine development

Okay, Sezer; Özcan, Öznur Özge; Karahan, Mesut

doi:10.3934/biophy.2020023

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Depending upon the type of mRNA sequence incorporated into the vaccine, this vaccine occurs in 2 types: self-amplifying mRNA vaccine or non-replicating mRNA vaccine 12,14 . The basic components of mRNA incorporated into the vaccine which are common to both the types of mRNA vaccines include a 5' cap, 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs), open reading frame (ORF), and a 3' poly (A) tail 14 .…”

Section: Types Of Mrna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthesized mRNA sequence is sealed at both ends by inserting a cap at its 5' end and a poly (A) tail at its 3' end during the process of in vitro transcription. Capping and tailing of mRNA can also be carried out by enzymatic methods employing guanylyltransferase, 2'-O-methyltransferase, poly-A-polymerase after the mRNA is transcribed 12 . Further, microbeads-based precipitation or high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods are used to remove double-stranded RNA, enzymes, free nucleotides, shortened nucleic acid fragments to purify the mRNA molecule which is then formulated into a drug product 8 .…”

Section: Manufacturing Process Of Mrna Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mRNA molecule is released inside the host cell cytoplasm and utilizes the translation machinery of the host cell to synthesize the target protein(s) followed by the generation of desired immune response 14 . Additionally, uptake of the lipid carrier loaded with the mRNA by the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) triggers an immune response that imparts the property of self-adjuvancy to the vaccine that further elevates the immunogenicity of the vaccine 12 .…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Lipid Nanoparticle-mrna Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Medicinal Plant Extract in Hand Sanitizer and Spray to Combat Against Covid-19

Cholkar

Gawade

Kuchekar

2022

Biosci., Biotech. Res. Asia

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The current applications of nanomedicine span from the treatment of an infection right up to the treatment of cancer. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have established themselves as reliable delivery systems for delivering therapeutic agents including nucleic acids since they prevent in vivo degradation of nucleic acids and facilitate their target-specific delivery. The mRNA is one such nucleic acid that is delivered by the LNPs for the treatment of infectious diseases. This review provides a detailed insight into the concept of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, their mechanism of action, manufacturing process, critical considerations in the formulation, development, and manufacturing of these vaccines, and explains the vital role of LNPs in the development of these vaccines. Certain shortcomings of the lipid nanoparticle-mRNA vaccine concerning the in vitro stability of the mRNA and the LNP have also been highlighted in this review.

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Section: Types Of Mrna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Manufacturing Process Of Mrna Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Lipid Nanoparticle-mrna Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Use of Medicinal Plant Extract in Hand Sanitizer and Spray to Combat Against Covid-19

Cholkar

Gawade

Kuchekar

2022

Biosci., Biotech. Res. Asia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Protamine has the ability to improve the transfection of mRNA, and several protamine mRNA complexes are now being evaluated in clinical trials (NCT02692976) in cancer patients. mRNA-protamine complex encapsulated in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) NPs results in intracellular delivery of mRNA molecules [107]. Various polypeptides can form complexes with nucleic acids and provide a platform for their delivery, they also show a high transfection efficiency [108].…”

Section: Delivery Of Mrnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Layer-by-Layer technique as a versatile tool for gene delivery applications

Linnik

Tarakanchikova

Zyuzin

et al. 2021

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

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Introduction: Gene therapy is a breakthrough medical field which focuses on the therapeutic delivery of recombinant nucleic acids in order to treat or prevent a broad spectrum of diseases. However, a number of important obstacles remain before its wide introduction into clinical practice can be envisaged. One of the biggest bottlenecks is the lack of efficient and safe delivery technologies, particularly, for in vivo distribution. Above and beyond standard requirements for carriers, the delivery systems for gene therapy ideally use a hit-and-run principle (to minimize off-target effect and display of immunogenic moieties). None of the currently used viral vectors fulfills all of these requirements. Therefore, the growing variety of non-viral delivery platforms represents a promising alternative.Areas covered: This review summarizes the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) approaches that can be effectively used for the gene delivery, considering various examples with the transfer of pDNA, mRNA, siRNA as well as genome-editing tools. Ex vivo gene modification of clinically relevant cells and clinical aspects for possible application of LbL systems in gene therapy are also underlined. Expert opinion:The LbL technique provides broad opportunities for the delivery of genetic material for various purposes and offers promise for future clinical application in gene therapy.

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“…The mechanisms that activate anticancer immunity include a regulation or stimulation of each step in cancer-immunity interactions and are aimed, in particular, at increasing the amounts and functional activities of cytotoxic T cells and natural killers, the production of antibodies in B cells, and cell secretion of cytokines, factors stimulating immune cell proliferation, or factors suppressing the growth of tumor cell clones [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunopharmacological Properties of Methacrylic Acid Polymers as Potential Polymeric Carrier Constituents of Anticancer Drugs

et al. 2021

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Cytostatic chemotherapeutics provide a classical means to treat cancer, but conventional treatments have not increased in efficacy in the past years, warranting a search for new approaches to therapy. The aim of the study was, therefore, to obtain methacrylic acid (MAA) (co)polymers and to study their immunopharmacological properties. 4-Cyano-4-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl] pentanoic acid (CDSPA) and 2-cyano-2-propyl dodecyl trithiocarbonate (CPDT) were used as reversible chain transfer agents. Experiments were carried out in Wistar rats. The MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the polymeric systems on peritoneal macrophages. An experimental tumor model was obtained by grafting RMK-1 breast cancer cells. Serum cytokine levels of tumor-bearing rats were analyzed. The chain transfer agents employed in classical radical polymerization substantially reduced the molecular weight of the resulting polymers, but a narrow molecular weight distribution was achieved only with CDSPA and high CPDT concentrations. Toxicity was not observed when incubating peritoneal macrophages with polymeric systems. In tumor-bearing rats, the IL-10 concentration was 1.7 times higher and the IL-17 concentration was less than half that of intact rats. Polymeric systems decreased the IL-10 concentration and normalized the IL-17 concentration in tumor-bearing rats. The maximum effect was observed for a MAA homopolymer with a high molecular weight. The anion-active polymers proposed as carrier constituents are promising for further studies and designs of carrier constituents of drug derivatives.

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Nanoparticle-based delivery platforms for mRNA vaccine development

Cited by 17 publications

References 98 publications

The Use of Medicinal Plant Extract in Hand Sanitizer and Spray to Combat Against Covid-19

The Use of Medicinal Plant Extract in Hand Sanitizer and Spray to Combat Against Covid-19

Layer-by-Layer technique as a versatile tool for gene delivery applications

Immunopharmacological Properties of Methacrylic Acid Polymers as Potential Polymeric Carrier Constituents of Anticancer Drugs

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