Nanoparticle catalysts

Abstract

In this review, the importance of nanoparticles (NPs), with emphasis on their general and specific properties, especially the high surface-to-volume ratio (A/V), in many technological and industrial applications is studied. Some physical and chemical preparation methods for growing several metallic and binary alloy NP catalysts are reviewed. The growth and mechanism of catalytic reactions for synthesis of 1D nanostructures such as ZnO nanowires and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are discussed. Gas-phase production with emphasis on dependence of catalytic activity and selectivity on size, shape and structure of NPs is also investigated. Application of NP catalysts in several technological processes including H2 production and storage as well as antibacterial effect, gas sensors and fuel cells is discussed. The mechanism of H2 production from catalytic photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic degradation reactions of some organic dyes is discussed. Finally, the future outlook of NP catalysts in various disciplines is presented.

On the work function and the charging of small (r≤ 5 nm) nanoparticles in plasmas

“…biosensors that need to be able to pass through human kidneys [1][2][3], and catalysts with increased efficiency [4][5][6]. One attractive NP production technique is plasma processing which has many advantages [7][8][9] such as suppression of unwanted agglomeration by Coulomb repulsion and the possibility of fast growth through ion collection.…”

Hierarchical Nanoparticle Ensembles Synthesized by Liquid Phase Directed Self-Assembly

“…Catalytic, 5 electrical, 6 and optical 7 applications stand to benefit from these size-dependent properties. However, approaches to pattern chemically synthesized nanoparticles on surfaces are fewer.…”

Nanocatalysis: hypothesis on the action mechanism of gold

“…7. Turnover frequency (TOF) for CO oxidation over Au/TiO 2 as a function of the mean diameter of Au particles [14,74] Note that the law "1/d…”