Nanoparticle drug delivery systems for synergistic delivery of tumor therapy

Abstract

Nanoparticle drug delivery systems have proved anti-tumor effects; however, they are not widely used in tumor therapy due to insufficient ability to target specific sites, multidrug resistance to anti-tumor drugs, and the high toxicity of the drugs. With the development of RNAi technology, nucleic acids have been delivered to target sites to replace or correct defective genes or knock down specific genes. Also, synergistic therapeutic effects can be achieved for combined drug delivery, which is more effective for overcoming multidrug resistance of cancer cells. These combination therapies achieve better therapeutic effects than delivering nucleic acids or chemotherapeutic drugs alone, so the scope of combined drug delivery has also been expanded to three aspects: drug-drug, drug-gene, and gene-gene. This review summarizes the recent advances of nanocarriers to co-delivery agents, including i) the characterization and preparation of nanocarriers, such as lipid-based nanocarriers, polymer nanocarriers, and inorganic delivery carriers; ii) the advantages and disadvantages of synergistic delivery approaches; iii) the effectual delivery cases that are applied in the synergistic delivery systems; and iv) future perspectives in the design of nanoparticle drug delivery systems to co-deliver therapeutic agents.

Advances and perspectives of nanozymes in respiratory diseases

“…22,23 What's more, nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems can deliver anticancer drugs to tumor tissues, improve drug selectivity and solubility, and promote tumor cell apoptosis, alleviating traditional therapy's limitations. [24][25][26] Besides, some research has been conducted to include nanoparticles in respiratory disease prevention in response to outbreaks. 27,28 Over the past fifteen years, inherent enzyme-like nanomaterials (nanozymes) have emerged as substitutes for natural enzymes.…”

A temperature-sensitive HA-anchoring supramolecular nanocarrier for targeted delivery of the anti-liver cancer drug doxorubicin

“…E-mail: zhaooyann@163.com, jin@ynnu.edu.cn; Fax: +86 0871 65941089; Tel: +86 0871 65941089 b Shenzhen Kewode Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China components in DDSs. 13,14 These nanoparticles are capable of releasing model drugs in response to various external stimuli such as enzymes, temperature, pH, redox, light, and magnetic fields. 15 For example, Qiao et al constructed an esteraseresponsive polyprodrug micelle for loading, delivery, and release of the antitumor drug DOX.…”

“…Stimulus-responsive supramolecular nanoparticles, commonly referred to as smart nanocarriers, have become integral components in DDSs. 13,14 These nanoparticles are capable of releasing model drugs in response to various external stimuli such as enzymes, temperature, pH, redox, light, and magnetic fields. 15 For example, Qiao et al constructed an esterase-responsive polyprodrug micelle for loading, delivery, and release of the antitumor drug DOX.…”

Glutathione-Responsive Organosilica Hybrid Nanosystems for Targeted Dual-Starvation Therapy in Luminal Breast Cancer

“…By cutting off the nutrient supply to tumor cells, a technique known as starving therapy, it is possible to achieve a cellular starvation effect, which is considered a targeted treatment approach for cancer. 13 Starving therapy involves inhibiting the growth and proliferation of tumor cells by depriving them of essential survival substances, ultimately leading to tumor cell death. 14 In 1971, Professor Folkman from Harvard University first proposed the theory of cutting off tumor blood vessels to starve cancer cells.…”

“…As a result, tumor cells become more sensitive to the deprivation of energy substrates, such as glucose and long-chain fatty acids (FAs). By cutting off the nutrient supply to tumor cells, a technique known as starving therapy, it is possible to achieve a cellular starvation effect, which is considered a targeted treatment approach for cancer . Starving therapy involves inhibiting the growth and proliferation of tumor cells by depriving them of essential survival substances, ultimately leading to tumor cell death .…”