Nanoparticle formation by highly diffusion-controlled emulsion polymerisation

Sajjadi, Shahriar; Jahanzad, Fatemeh

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2005.11.043

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…At a low agitation speed, the rate of polymerization is controlled by the rate of monomer transport. It has been reported that at a low stirring speed and under highly diffusion‐controlled conditions VA monomer produces more particles than BA monomer, whereas at a high impeller speed and under monomer‐flooded conditions both monomers produced a similar number of particles 4. For a typical emulsion polymerization, there is a certain range within which the kinetics of polymerizations seems to be independent of the rate of stirring.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although we cannot refute such an argument, we can state that the effects of these variables are usually limited to a certain range of conditions. For examples, the stirring speed [3][4][5] and monomer concentration [6][7][8] are known to have little effect on the emulsion polymerization within certain ranges. The secondary variables become of paramount importance in studying copolymerization of monomers with widely different properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Some comparative aspects of particle formation and rate of reaction in emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and butyl acrylate

Jahanzad¹

2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The comparative study of monomers, in terms of particle formation and rate of polymerization, facilitates the interpretation of the results from the corresponding copolymerization runs and can be considered as a preliminary step toward formulation of copolymerization reactions. Batch emulsion homopolymerization of vinyl acetate (VA) and butyl acrylate (BA), as model monomers with a wide water solubility disparity, were carried out to investigate the effects of variations in the monomer concentration, electrolyte concentration, reaction volume, and surfactant type on the kinetics of polymerization. With sodium lauryl sulfate as surfactant, VA emulsion polymerization produced more particles than BA at a lower monomer concentration, but fewer particles at a higher monomer concentration. At a lower VA concentration, a depressed growth for newly formed particles during interval III contributed to the formation of a large number of particles. The application of aerosol MA and OT surfactants improved the stability of polyvinyl acetate (PVA) particles so that a larger number of polymer particles was obtained for VA, in comparison with BA. BA emulsion polymerization showed little sensitivity to electrolyte concentrations and reaction volumes within the range studied. The colloidal stability of PVA particles was found to be quite sensitive toward the aforementioned variables. V C 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: [84][85][86][87][88][89][90] 2010

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some comparative aspects of particle formation and rate of reaction in emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and butyl acrylate

Jahanzad¹

2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These particles can be synthesized via a family of different polymerization techniques including emulsion [4][5][6][7], micro-emulsion [8,9], miniemulsion [10], or non-conventionally initiated emulsion polymerization [11], as well as solvent shifting [12] and surfactant-free emulsion polymerization (SFEP) [13,14]. The use of the resulting particles for any particular application requires subsequent surface cleaning/modification steps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size controlled synthesis of sub-100 nm monodisperse poly(methylmethacrylate) nanoparticles using surfactant-free emulsion polymerization

Camli

Büyükserin

Balci

et al. 2010

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…1). According to our calculations, ø VAc,P varied between 0.14 and 0.03 during the feed stage; such values are smaller than the VAc saturation during the whole polymerization (ϕ vp,sat = 0.87) [21]. Figure 3 shows that during almost all the continuous addition stage, R p was very close to F m (dashed line), which indicates that the polymerization was performed under highly monomer starved conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

High polymer/surfactant ratio in the seeded semicontinuous heterogeneous polymerization of vinyl acetate

Martínez‐Gutiérrez

Ovando‐Medina

Peralta

et al. 2013

Polymer Engineering & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vinyl acetate (VAc) was polymerized by a seeded semicontinuous heterogeneous process. Stable latexes with a polymer/surfactant weight ratio of 65 were obtained, which is comparable with the highest value reported in the literature for emulsion polymerization but with the advantage of obtaining smaller particles (average diameter, D p ¼ 53 nm) which are similar to those obtained by microemulsion polymerization. The surfactant (sodium dodecylsulfate, SDS) concentration used in the recipe (0.32 wt%) is much lower than those typically used in microemulsion polymerization. Although molar masses increased during the continuous monomer addition period, they were small at the end of the reaction (M n ¼ 69 3 10 3 gÁmol -1 ) and this was attributed to bimolecular termination inside the particles. The values of polymerization rate (R p ) and monomer addition rate (F m ) were nearly the same, indicating that polymerization was performed under monomer starved conditions.

show abstract

Nanoparticle formation by highly diffusion-controlled emulsion polymerisation

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

Some comparative aspects of particle formation and rate of reaction in emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and butyl acrylate

Some comparative aspects of particle formation and rate of reaction in emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and butyl acrylate

Size controlled synthesis of sub-100 nm monodisperse poly(methylmethacrylate) nanoparticles using surfactant-free emulsion polymerization

High polymer/surfactant ratio in the seeded semicontinuous heterogeneous polymerization of vinyl acetate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About