Background:
In the era of antimicrobial resistance, fungal pathogens are not an exception. Several strategies,
including antimicrobial stewardship programs and high throughput screening of new drugs are being implemented.
Several recent studies have demonstrated effectiveness of plant compounds with antifungal activity.
Objective:
In this systematic review we examine the use of natural compounds as a possible avenue to fight fungal
infections produced by Candida albicans, the most common human fungal pathogen.
Method:
Electronic literature searches were conducted through PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Science Direct
limited to the 5 years. A total of 131 articles were included with 186 plants extracts evaluated.
Results:
Although the majority of the natural extracts exhibited antifungal activities against C. albicans (both in vivo and
in vitro), the strongest antifungal activity was obtained from Lawsonia inermis, Pelargonium graveolens, Camellia
sinensis, Mentha piperita, and Citrus latifolia.
Conclusion:
The main components with proven antifungal activities were phenolic compounds such as gallic acid,
thymol, and flavonoids (specially catechin), polyphenols such as tannins, terpenoids and saponins. The incorporation of
nanotechnology enhances greatly the antifungal properties of these natural compounds. Further research is needed to fully
characterize the composition of all herbal extracts with antifungal activity as well as the mechanisms of action of the
active compounds.