Nanoparticle-mediated synergistic chemoimmunotherapy for tailoring cancer therapy: recent advances and perspectives

Abstract

Nowadays, a potent challenge in cancer treatment is considered the lack of efficacious strategy, which has not been able to significantly reduce mortality. Chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) as a promising approach in both for the first-line and relapsed therapy demonstrated particular benefit from two key gating strategies, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy to cancer therapy; therefore, the discernment of their participation and role of potential synergies in CIT approach is determinant. In this study, in addition to balancing the pros and cons of CIT with the challenges of each of two main strategies, the recent advances in the cancer CIT have been discussed. Additionally, immunotherapeutic strategies and the immunomodulation effect induced by chemotherapy, which boosts CIT have been brought up. Finally, harnessing and development of the nanoparticles, which mediated CIT have expatiated in detail.

Toll-like receptor 9 agonists and combination therapies: strategies to modulate the tumour immune microenvironment for systemic anti-tumour immunity

“…However, in practical application, we should also focus on the cytotoxic and myelosuppressive effects of chemotherapy, and how balancing effectiveness and safety remains a key issue [117]. At the same time, the dose ratio and time point when combining chemotherapy with immunotherapy should be considered in order to effectively exert synergistic effects.…”

Use of gold nanoparticle-silibinin conjugates: A novel approach against lung cancer cells

“…Chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy alone are ineffective cancer treatments. New cancer survival and mortality control techniques are needed ( Da Silva et al, 2016 ; Dai et al, 2017 ; Pucci et al, 2019 ; Mahdinloo et al, 2020 ; Bagherifar et al, 2021 ). As an alternative or complementary to traditional chemo or radiotherapy, naturally occurring phytochemicals (such as flavonoids, isoflavones, and lignans) with antioxidant or hormone-like actions are being explored for cancer ( Ghosh et al, 2021a ; Ahmad et al, 2021 ; Aboushanab et al, 2022 ; Lim & Park, 2022 ).…”

Microneedle‐Directed Drug Delivery to Tumor‐Draining Lymph Node for Synergistic Combination Chemoimmunotherapy for Metastatic Cancer

“…[ 11 ] The combination of anticancer drugs and immune modulators consequently results in the death of cancer cells in tumor tissue, allowing the release of tumor antigens, which are then processed and presented by professional antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) such as DCs to elicit tumor antigen‐specific immune responses. [ 12 ] However, the clinical use of chemoimmunotherapy remains challenging due to the uncontrollable biodistribution of the drugs, which often results in undesired immune responses and systemic toxicities. In addition, the indiscriminate cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents may result in depletion of systemic and intratumoral immune cells, leading to reduced anticancer immune responses.…”