“…Ab-initio [22,77], hardness [23,24,61,64], shear strength [78], tensile strength [79], compressive strength [24,80,81], fracture [82,83], modulus [25][26][27]84] Nanoscale or microscale Potential mean force Surface forces [49,77,85] MC simulation Surface forces [86,87] FEM Modulus, hardness [35,36] Coarse-grained model (Discrete element model) Modulus, hardness [37][38][39][40], creep [88] Figure 2 Multiscale mechanical models of C-S-H. Images are adopted from [18,36,37,[47][48][49][50][51]. Reproduced with permissions.…”