Nanoparticles enhanced interfaces of Glass fiber laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy (GLARE) fiber metal laminates

Abstract

Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) based on unidirectional glass fabric and aluminum alloy 7075-T6 sheet bonded with 5052 epoxy, were prepared by vacuum molding followed by hand layup method. Interface of metal-adhesive was improved by a series of surface treatments of aluminum sheets, which increased the surface roughness (Ra) of aluminum from 227 to 1067 nm.Matrix was modified by incorporation of graphene nanosheets (GNs) and nanodiamonds (NDs). In-order to optimize the quantity of nanoreinforcements three different proportions were used, that is, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt %, inclusive of equal proportions of GNs and NDs. For comparison, pristine epoxy based FMLs were also fabricated. Synergetic effect of GNs and NDs improved the tensile strength by 25%, inter laminar shear strength (ILSS) 46%, and fracture toughness 70%, by combination of GNs and NDs up to 0.5 wt%.Surface roughness test and water drop contact angle test were performed to evaluate the surface roughness of aluminum, while the microscopic analysis was conducted to observe the fracture behavior of FMLs. Finite element method (FEM) for numerical validation of experimental results was also performed. From the results, it was concluded that combination of aluminum surface treatment and matrix modification improved the overall performance of FMLs.

The effect of surface treatments on the interlaminar shear failure of GLARE laminates subjected to pre‐cyclic thermal loads

“…According to the tensile, fracture toughness and ILSS test results, it is obviously stated that combination of aluminum surface treatment and matrix modification improves the overall performance of FMLs. [ 27 ]…”

“…According to the tensile, fracture toughness and ILSS test results, it is obviously stated that combination of aluminum surface treatment and matrix modification improves the overall performance of FMLs. [27] Load-displacement and stress-displacement curves of (A) untreated GLARE short beams and samples subjected to the surface treatment effect of (B) sandpapering, (C) degreasing and (D) both sandpapering and degreasing under the first pre-cyclic thermal condition (500 cycles between À30 C and + 80 C) are shown in Figure 6, respectively. In addition to this, ILSS of each test is listed and mean value with SD is shown for each surface treatment under the first pre-cyclic thermal condition in Table 2.…”

Study on the failure mechanism of 1060‐H112 aluminum alloy‐carbon/glass fiber laminate

“…So far, many scholars have done many studies on failure mechanisms of composite materials. [12][13][14] Meanwhile, researchers have conducted GLARE and CARALL quasi-static mechanics tests [15][16][17][18][19][20] to study the quasi-static bending behavior of FMLs with respect to the bonding interface between metal and composite layer, adhesive layer, fiber direction, stacking sequence, and fiber type. Sadighi et al [21] have studied the effect of fiber orientation on the bending properties of GLARE.…”

Ballistic impact response and failure mechanism of aluminum/ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber laminates with different adhesive quantity

“…Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) are hybrid composites containing metal alloys and fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs). [1,2] Combining the merits of both FRCs and metal alloys, FMLs not only exhibit high specific strength, specific stiffness, and excellent fatigue characteristics but also show outstanding load bearing capacity, impact resistance, and residual strength. [3][4][5] Therefore, FMLs are widely used in the aviation industry, such as wings, fuselage, and empennage of aircrafts, [6][7][8] and they also exhibit immense application potential in transportation, [9] armor protection, [10] and other fields.…”