Nanoparticles of Conjugated Polymers Prepared from Phase‐Separated Films of Phospholipids and Polymers for Biomedical Applications

Yoon, Jungju; Kwag, Jungheon; Shin, Tae Joo; Park, Joonhyuck; Lee, Yong Man; Lee, Yebin; Park, Jonghyup; Heo, Jung Ho; Joo, Chulmin; Park, Tae Jung; Yoo, Pil J.; Kim, Sungjee; Park, Juhyun

doi:10.1002/adma.201400906

Cited by 64 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…In general, when CPs are in thin‐film state, strong intermolecular interactions often result in π–orbital overlap and delocalization of electronic charge across several chains, leading to a significant redshift of the absorption spectrum . However, the interactions between CP molecules within nanoparticles are relatively weak due to the presence of matrix, and their molecular packing also depends on the CP properties (e.g., flexibility, solubility), matrix, and conditions used for nanoparticle preparation . Therefore, formulation of CPs into CPNs may not necessarily lead to redshifts in the absorption spectrum …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Engineering of Photoacoustic Performance by Chalcogenide Variation in Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Brain Vascular Imaging

Cai

Pan

Bandla

et al. 2018

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As conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) have attracted growing interest as photoacoustic (PA) imaging contrast agents, revelation of the relationship between the molecular structure of conjugated polymers and PA property is highly in demand. Here, three donor-acceptor-structured conjugated polymer analogs are designed, where only a single heteroatom of acceptor units changes from oxygen to sulfur to selenium, allowing for systematic investigation of the molecular structure-PA property relationship. The absorption and PA spectra of these CPNs can be facilely tuned by changing the heteroatoms of the acceptor units. Moreover, the absorption coefficient, and in turn the PA signal intensity, decreases when the heteroatom changes from oxygen to sulfur to selenium. As these CPNs exhibit weak fluorescence and similar photothermal conversion efficiency (≈70%), their PA intensities are approximately proportional to their absorption coefficients. The in vivo brain vasculature imaging in this study also demonstrates this trend. This study provides a simple but efficient strategy to manipulate the PA properties of CPNs through changing the heteroatom at key positions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Engineering of Photoacoustic Performance by Chalcogenide Variation in Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Brain Vascular Imaging

Cai

Pan

Bandla

et al. 2018

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“…Lipid‐covered polymeric NPs serve well both as a delivery system for drugs—because of their high efficiency and low risk for side effects—and as model systems for understanding the mechanisms of the biological effects of nanomaterials . So far, in addition to the chemical composition, size, biocompatibility, and surface properties of the lipid shell of the NPs having influence on the cellular uptake and anticancer efficacy, it has been recognized that different lipid–polymer structures may result in variations in the particle rigidity (the resistance of the particle to deform), thus affecting the cellular uptake of NPs and the efficacy of treatment .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Rigidity of (Polymeric Core)–(Lipid Shell) Nanoparticles for Regulated Cellular Uptake

et al. 2014

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diffi culty in the generation of core-shell NPs with a lipid shell containing various amounts of water, which governs the rigidity of the NPs; larger amounts of interfacial water would result in more fl exible NPs. [13][14][15] Microfl uidic platforms can generate lipid-polymer hybrid NPs via rapid reaction and precise manipulation of fl uids inside microchannels; [16][17][18][19][20] however, the fabrication of hybrid NPs with varying water content has not been achieved by microfl uidics. Here, we develop a two-stage microfl uidic platform that can assemble core-shell poly(lactic-co -glycolic acid) (PLGA)-lipid NPs in a single-step. [ 16,21 ] Lipid-covered PLGA NPs or liposomes that have the same size and surface properties, but varying rigidity as a result of tuning the interfacial water layer, can be realized using the same microchip. It enables us to explore how the rigidity of NPs differentially regulates the cellular uptake and to elucidate the intrinsic mechanism. It also allows the treatment of various diseases through the use of specifi c particles.Particle rigidity is tuned by varying the amounts of interfacial water between the PLGA core and lipid shell of the hybrid NPs; this is achieved by altering the injection order of the PLGA and lipid-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) organic solutions in the microfl uidic chip. The microfl uidic device shown in Scheme 1 consists of two stages: 1) The fi rst stage comprises three inlets and a straight synthesis microchannel; 2) The second stage is composed of one centered inlet and a spiral mixing channel (see Supporting Information (SI), Figure S1 for more details). We synthesized particles of varying water content and rigidity using the same chip but different order of the introducing reagents. In mode 1, the fi rst stage is used for generating PLGA NPs through interfacial precipitation, while the second stage forms lipid-coated NPs as a result of hydrophobic attraction between the lipid tail and PLGA (P-L NPs; Scheme 1 A, Figure S2 (SI)). In mode 2, we change the injection order by introducing the lipid solution at the fi rst stage and the PLGA solution at the second stage. In this way, lipids form into a liposome in aqueous solution at the fi rst stage, followed by re-assembly onto the surface of PLGA NPs at the second stage through effective mixing (P-W-L NPs; Scheme 1 B, Figure S2 (SI)). The throughput of NPs by a single chip is 41 mL h −1 (≈8 mg h −1 for P-W-L NPs, and ≈6.5 mg h −1 for P-L NPs). For both mode 1 and mode 2, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images ( Figure 1 A; Figure S2, SI) show complete lipid coverage on the surface of PLGA NPs. The different injection order of the solutions may result in the presence of interfacial water between the PLGA core and lipid shell of the P-W-L NPs (mode 2) but not in P-L NPs (mode 1), which is confi rmed by cryogenic TEM (cryo-TEM Figure 1 B; see also SI). For the P-L NPs, the lipid shell is tightly attached to the PLGA core, while for the P-W-L Even though much research has shown that nanoparticles (NPs) ca...

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“…In contrast, conjugated polymers can be formed as nanomaterials of nanoparticles and nanoellipsoids in polar solvents of water, low molecular weight alcohols, DMF, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) [96]. In contrast to conventional thin-film coating processes using solutions of conjugated polymers in good solvents such as toluene, chlorobenzene, and chloroform, nanoprecipitation [97,98], emulsification [98], in-situ polymerization [99], and shattering of phase-separated films to nanomaterials [100] in poor polar solvents could provide CPNs in the polar solvents. Thus, CPNs can be widely examined as photothermal therapeutic agents, photoacoustic probes, and photocatalysts in aqueous-based applications.…”

Section: Photothermal Heating By Conjugated Polymer Nanomaterials (Cpns)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Fibers, Composites and Textiles Utilizing Photothermal and Joule Heating

Park

2020

Polymers

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This review focuses on the mechanism of adjusting the thermal environment surrounding the human body via textiles. Recently highlighted technologies for thermal management are based on the photothermal conversion principle and Joule heating for wearable electronics. Recent innovations in this technology are described, with a focus on reports in the last three years and are categorized into three subjects: (1) thermal management technologies of a passive type using light irradiation of the outside environment (photothermal heating), (2) those of an active type employing external electrical circuits (Joule heating), and (3) biomimetic structures. Fibers and textiles from the design of fibers and textiles perspective are also discussed with suggestions for future directions to maximize thermal storage and to minimize heat loss.

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Nanoparticles of Conjugated Polymers Prepared from Phase‐Separated Films of Phospholipids and Polymers for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 64 publications

References 48 publications

Molecular Engineering of Photoacoustic Performance by Chalcogenide Variation in Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Brain Vascular Imaging

Molecular Engineering of Photoacoustic Performance by Chalcogenide Variation in Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Brain Vascular Imaging

Tunable Rigidity of (Polymeric Core)–(Lipid Shell) Nanoparticles for Regulated Cellular Uptake

Functional Fibers, Composites and Textiles Utilizing Photothermal and Joule Heating

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