Nanoparticulate TiO₂(B): An Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Small but powerful: TiO2(B) with the smallest particle size yet reported (2.5×4.3 nm) has been synthesized (see TEM image). Its volumetric capacity to store lithium, and hence charge, as an anode in a lithium‐ion battery is greater than that of any other titanate at high rates (>1000 mA g−1).

Microwaves as a synthetic route for preparing electrochemically active TiO2 nanoparticles

“…These profiles are much closer to those reported for TiO 2 -B 55,56 than to the typical behavior of anatase. This similarity was further confirmed by preparing nanometric TiO 2 -B according to Estruga et al 57 and testing them electrochemically under the same conditions used for DMW TEA and DMW BTMA .…”

The Shape of TiO2-B Nanoparticles

“…The phase purity was further confirmed by the load curve during Li + intercalation, 11 which did not show signs of a flat plateau in the region between 1.75 and 1.90 V, typical of the anatase. 13 Transmission Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (Nicolet 6700) indicated the presence of O−H stretches (Figure 3).…”

“…11 Individual particles are agglomerated in the TEM (JEOL JEM-2010) images (Figure 1), but their shape appears to be nonspherical, with a typical size between 2 and 5 nm.…”

“…No surfactant residue was found in the sample; the amount of residual carbon was 0.3 wt %, which would correspond to a layer of carbon on the surface well below 1 Å in thickness. 11 …”

Molybdenum disulfide grafted titania nanotube arrays as high capacity retention anode material for lithium ion batteries

“…Various kinds of low dimensional TiO 2 such as nanotubes (Armstrong et al 2006;Qiu et al 2010), nanowires (Cao et al 2010), nanorods , and nanoparticles (Ren et al 2012) etc., have been employed as anode for LIBs. Amongst these nanostructures of TiO 2 (Armstrong et al 2006;Qiu et al 2010;Cao et al 2010;Liu et al 2012;Ren et al 2012;Wang et al 2011), titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNAs) (Guo et al 2012;Anwar et al 2015;Tauseef Anwar et al 2016) are more advantageous owe to higher specific surface area, porosity, and vertical alignment. The TNAs not only provide Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13204-016-0543-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.…”