Nanophase Separated Amphiphilic Microbeads

Investigations on diffusion limitations of biocatalyzed reactions in amphiphilic polymer conetworks in organic solvents

“…Other APCNs can even be swollen in water and perfluorinated solvents (Bruns and Tiller, ). Besides commercial applications many other examples of the high performance of APCNs are described in the literature, ranging from tubular networks for insulin delivery (Kennedy et al, ), their use as phase transfer matrix for enzymatic catalyzed conversions in organic solvents (Savin et al, ) and in supercritical CO 2 (Bruns et al, ), optical biochemical sensors for peroxide detection (Hanko et al, , ), biomimetic material for synthesis of biological membranes (Taubert et al, ), for release of antimicrobial surfactants (Tiller et al, ) for pH‐sensitive drug delivery (Colinet et al, ; Liu et al, ), chemically cleavable conetworks (Rikkou‐Kalourkoti and Patrickios, ), and for chiral separation (Tobis et al, , ). An overview on this topic is given by Erdodi and Kennedy ().…”

“…The concept of APCNs as enzyme activating matrix was first shown on the example of peroxidases entrapped into a network consisting of poly(2‐hydroxyethylacrylate) (PHEA) linked by PDMS (Bruns and Tiller, ). Later lipases and proteases were shown to greatly enhance their organic solvent activity within such a conetwork (Savin et al, ). The concept was always based on the necessity of the diffusion of proteins into the aqueous phase of the APCN.…”

“…This usually limits the maximum loading to some 1 wt.% for rather small proteins of a limited size of up to 40 kDa (Dech et al, ). Unfortunately, nearly all catalytic conversions mentioned above showed strong diffusion limitations (Bruns and Tiller, ; Bruns et al, ; Savin et al, ). In the present study, we explore the possibility to overcome these limitations within APCNs in organic solvents by preparing small sized particles.…”

Amphiphilic conetworks as activating carriers for the enhancement of enzymatic activity in supercritical CO2

“…We demonstrated that both types of conetworks can be loaded with enzymes, such as horseradish peroxidase and lipase from Candida antarctica (Bruns and Tiller, 2006). PHEA-l-PDMS conetworks were shown to enhance the activity and the operational stability of enzymes in nonpolar organic solvents up to several magnitudes Savin et al, 2005), thus proving APCNs a promising new approach for the activation of enzymes in non-conventional media (Hudson et al, 2005). Here we present the application of APCNs toward the activation of a lipase in scCO 2 .…”

Poly(2‐ethyloxazoline) as matrix for highly active electrospun enzymes in organic solvents

“…So far, the most promising method is to find a suited carrier material that allows activation and stabilization of enzymes in organic solvents, for example, silica, polyurethanes, and acrylate resins as used for the commercial lipase formulation Novozyme 435 (Adlercreutz, ; Luckarift et al, ; Tielmann et al, ). In our group, this approach has been particularly successful for enzymes in amphiphilic polymer conetworks (APCNs) which activate these biocatalysts by several orders of magnitude in membranes (Dech et al, ; Sittko et al, ) and particles (Savin et al, ; Schoenfeld et al, ) in organic solvents and even supercritical CO 2 (Bruns and Tiller, ; Bruns et al, ). Furthermore, chiral APCNs allow controlling the enantioselectivity of enzymes in organic solvents (Tobis and Tiller, ; Tobis et al, , ).…”