Nanophotonics for quantum optics using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

Santori, Charles; Barclay, Paul E.; Fu, Kai-Mei C.; Beausoleil, Ray; Spillane, S. M.; Fisch, Michael R.

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/21/27/274008

Cited by 172 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Furthermore, similarly to quantum dots color centers possess a very short lifetime of several nanoseconds that enables fast triggering of single photon emission. Finally, the nitrogen vacancy (NV) defect supplies a coherent electron spin that can serve as a long lived qubit and second enables stable emission of single photons carrying the information of the spin state of the center [11][12][13][14] . Proof of principle experiments demonstrated QIP building blocks with NV centers like quantum entanglement between single photons and a single spin [15] , creation of indistinguishable photons (two-photon-interference) [16,17] and the manipulation and control of electron spins of color centers as well as nuclear spins coupled to color centers to store quantum information and form quantum registers (for recent review see e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Nanophotonics

Aharonovich

Neu

2014

Advanced Optical Materials

301

233

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diamond Nanophotonics

Aharonovich

Neu

2014

Advanced Optical Materials

301

233

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“…The hybrid coupling scheme, however, is constrained by several limitations, e.g. spatial mismatch between emitter and cavity field maximum, scattering and losses from the cavity materials as well as line-broadening mechanisms such as spectral diffusion or random strain broadening for single NV − centres in diamond nanocrystals [27,28] or the lack of NV − fluorescence close to the surface of bulk diamond [28].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

One- and two-dimensional photonic crystal microcavities in single crystal diamond

Riedrich‐Möller¹,

Kipfstuhl²,

Hepp³

et al. 2011

Nature Nanotech

242

223

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The development of solid-state photonic quantum technologies is of great interest for fundamental studies of light-matter interactions and quantum information science. Diamond has turned out to be an attractive material for integrated quantum information processing due to the extraordinary properties of its colour centres enabling e.g. bright single photon emission and spin quantum bits. To control emitted photons and to interconnect distant quantum bits, micro-cavities directly fabricated in the diamond material are desired. However, the production of photonic devices in high-quality diamond has been a challenge so far. Here we present a method to fabricate one-and two-dimensional photonic crystal micro-cavities in single-crystal diamond, yielding quality factors up to 700. Using a post-processing etching technique, we tune the cavity modes into resonance with the zero phonon line of an ensemble of silicon-vacancy centres and measure an intensity enhancement by a factor of 2.8. The controlled coupling to small mode volume photonic crystal cavities paves the way to larger scale photonic quantum devices based on single-crystal diamond.A number of seminal experiments have demonstrated the prospects of colour centres in diamond, in particular the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centre

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“…In bulk, a NV À color center radiates a fraction ZPL $ 3% of its emission into the ZPL, which is estimated from our measurements of the area under the ZPL in the spontaneous emission spectrum from an ensemble of NVs. In the presence of a resonant nanocavity, the emission into the ZPL is enhanced by a factor F ZPL due to the Purcell effect [24,25]:…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Nanocavity Resonant Enhancement of Color Center Emission in Diamond

Barclay

Santori

et al. 2011

Phys. Rev. X

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Resonantly enhanced emission from the zero-phonon line of a diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in single crystal diamond is demonstrated experimentally using a hybrid whispering gallery mode nanocavity. A 900 nm diameter ring nanocavity formed from gallium phosphide, whose sidewalls extend into a diamond substrate, is tuned onto resonance at a low temperature with the zero-phonon line of a negatively charged NV center implanted near the diamond surface. When the nanocavity is on resonance, the zero-phonon line intensity is enhanced by approximately an order of magnitude, and the spontaneous emission lifetime of the NV is reduced by as much as 18%, corresponding to a 6.3X enhancement of emission in the zero photon line. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.1.011007 Subject Areas: Nanophysics, Photonics, Quantum InformationThe diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center is an optically active impurity which combines many of the desirable properties of quantum dots and laser-trapped atoms. Optical transitions of diamond NV centers can display low inhomogeneous broadening, and have been used to generate single photons [1], manipulate single electron spins [2], and control nearby nuclear spin impurities [3][4][5]. Remarkably, the room temperature electron spin coherence times of NVs can exceed a millisecond [6]. These properties make NVs a promising qubit for proposed quantum networks [7], and an attractive system for applications such as magnetometry [8] and low power optical switching [9]. An outstanding challenge limiting the use of NV centers as qubits in quantum information processing is the creation of a platform for mediating interactions between them. A promising approach to this problem is to create an onchip quantum network in which NVs interact optically via nanophotonic interconnects [10]. Coupling NVs to optical cavities plays a crucial role in this implementation by enhancing the NV emission into a well-defined optical mode, which can be efficiently coupled to waveguides and routed on-chip. Cavity enhancement of the emission is particularly important for NV centers, as it provides a means for increasing the relative brightness of the narrowband zero-phonon line (ZPL) emission relative to the broadband phonon assisted emission. The selection of the emission into the ZPL is necessary for protocols involving coherent interactions or indistinguishable photons.Demonstrating diamond-based quantum networks has recently prompted significant research into integrating NV centers with photonic devices [11]. Efforts to efficiently couple NVs in nanocrystalline diamond to nanophotonic structures [12][13][14][15] have been limited by poor NV optical properties in nanocrystals compared to those found in single crystal diamond. Fabricating nanophotonic devices directly from single crystal diamond has recently made important progress [11,16,17], limited primarily by fabrication difficulties related to creating thin films of single crystal diamond necessary for optical confinement in three dimensions. An alternative approach, which levera...

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Nanophotonics for quantum optics using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

Cited by 172 publications

References 64 publications

Diamond Nanophotonics

Diamond Nanophotonics

One- and two-dimensional photonic crystal microcavities in single crystal diamond

Hybrid Nanocavity Resonant Enhancement of Color Center Emission in Diamond

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