Nanoporous Aerogels for Defense and Aerospace Applications

Aerogel is a nanoporous solid material with ultrahigh porosity, ultralow density, and thermal conductivity, which is considered to be one of the most promising high‐performance insulation materials today. However, traditional pure inorganic aerogels (i.e., silica aerogel) exhibit inherent structural brittleness, making their processing and handling difficult, and their manufacturing costs are relatively high, which limits their large‐scale practical use. The recently developed aerogel based on polymer nanofibers has ultralow thermal conductivity and density, excellent elasticity, and designable multifunction. More importantly, one‐dimensional polymer nanofibers are directly used as building blocks to construct the network of aerogels via a gelation‐free process. This greatly simplifies the aerogel preparation process, thereby bringing opportunities for large‐scale aerogel applications. The aggregation of inorganic nanomaterials and polymer nanofibers is considered to be a very attractive strategy for obtaining highly flexible, easily available, and multifunctional composite aerogels. Therefore, this review summarizes the recent advances in novel aerogels through the hybrid aggregation of inorganic nanomaterials and polymeric fibers for thermal insulation. The main processing routes, porous microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal properties and applications of these aerogels are highlighted. In addition, various future challenges faced by these aerogels in thermal insulation applications are discussed in this review.

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Recent advances in novel aerogels through the hybrid aggregation of inorganic nanomaterials and polymeric fibers for thermal insulation

Liu

Yan

Chen

et al. 2021

Aggregate

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Recent Progresses in Eco-Friendly Fabrication and Applications of Sustainable Aerogels from Various Waste Materials

Nguyen

Goh

et al. 2021

Waste Biomass Valor

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Overview of emerging hybrid and composite materials for space applications

Ince

Mudasir

Mathews

et al. 2023

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater

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Space exploration is one of humanity’s most challenging and costly activities. Nevertheless, we continuously strive to venture further and more frequently into space. It is vital to make every effort to minimise and mitigate the risks to astronaut safety, expand the long-term operation of technologies in space and improve the overall feasibility of space exploration—this calls for an assessment of recent advances in materials with applications in space. This review focuses on state-of-the-art materials that address challenges, threats and risks experienced during space exploration. Said challenges considered in this review include the danger of micro-meteorites, fire in space, space dust, temperature extremes, electromagnetic interference (EMI) and the cost associated with space travel. The materials discussed include self-healing polymers, fire and thermally resistant materials, materials for thermal management, self-cleaning materials, EMI shielding materials and multifunctional carbon fibre composites. Through this catalogue, we seek to inform and suggest the future direction of advancing space exploration by selecting innovative materials. Graphical Abstract Next-generation materials with multifunctionality, durability and light weight and able to withstand the extreme conditions for advanced space applications

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Nanoporous Aerogels for Defense and Aerospace Applications

Cited by 4 publications

References 153 publications

Recent advances in novel aerogels through the hybrid aggregation of inorganic nanomaterials and polymeric fibers for thermal insulation

Recent advances in novel aerogels through the hybrid aggregation of inorganic nanomaterials and polymeric fibers for thermal insulation

Recent Progresses in Eco-Friendly Fabrication and Applications of Sustainable Aerogels from Various Waste Materials

Overview of emerging hybrid and composite materials for space applications

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