Nanoporous and wrinkled electrodes enhance the sensitivity of glucose biosensors

Adams-McGavin, Robert C.; Chan, Yuting; Gabardo, Christine M.; Yang, Jie; Skreta, Marta; Fung, Barnabas C.; Soleymani, Leyla

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.108

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The heat-shrinkage technique exhibits fascinating features in electrochemical sensors, which provides an easy method for miniaturization and a unique wrinkled electrode surface with a large responsive surface area. Shrink-induced wrinkled electrodes have been widely adopted in the detection of hydrogen (H 2 ) 111 , dimercurion (Hg 2+ ) 19 , glucose 112 , DNA 113 , etc.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shrink-induced wrinkles provide a large sensing area and a 3D diffusion route. Leyla Soleymani et al 112 , 114 investigated the surface area enhancement effects of shrink-induced wrinkles. The optimal electrode attained a 6.6-fold enhancement in the electrochemically active surface area (EASA).…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After electrodeposition onto gold nanostructures, the EASA enhancement increased 10-fold over that of a flat electrode. They further created wrinkles 112 through electroless gold deposition onto a PS substrate and subsequent shrinkage. The surface area witnessed a 4-fold increase after the shrinkage process and further increased (5.29 times) when introduced into nanopores.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress of shrink polymer micro- and nanomanufacturing

Cui

2021

Microsyst Nanoeng

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Traditional lithography plays a significant role in the fabrication of micro- and nanostructures. Nevertheless, the fabrication process still suffers from the limitations of manufacturing devices with a high aspect ratio or three-dimensional structure. Recent findings have revealed that shrink polymers attain a certain potential in micro- and nanostructure manufacturing. This technique, denoted as heat-induced shrink lithography, exhibits inherent merits, including an improved fabrication resolution by shrinking, controllable shrinkage behavior, and surface wrinkles, and an efficient fabrication process. These merits unfold new avenues, compensating for the shortcomings of traditional technologies. Manufacturing using shrink polymers is investigated in regard to its mechanism and applications. This review classifies typical applications of shrink polymers in micro- and nanostructures into the size-contraction feature and surface wrinkles. Additionally, corresponding shrinkage mechanisms and models for shrinkage, and wrinkle parameter control are examined. Regarding the size-contraction feature, this paper summarizes the progress on high-aspect-ratio devices, microchannels, self-folding structures, optical antenna arrays, and nanowires. Regarding surface wrinkles, this paper evaluates the development of wearable sensors, electrochemical sensors, energy-conversion technology, cell-alignment structures, and antibacterial surfaces. Finally, the limitations and prospects of shrink lithography are analyzed.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress of shrink polymer micro- and nanomanufacturing

Cui

2021

Microsyst Nanoeng

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“…Mechanical buckling origami approaches have also been employed to fabricate self‐assembled wrinkled electrodes with multiscale features all the way from millimeter to nanometer scales. These 3D electrodes are shaped by heat shrinking of elastomeric substrates with previously patterned planar electrodes . A direct consequence of the buckling process is an increase of the surface area to volume ratio, which improves the performance of these electrodes as biosensor units when compared to their planar counterparts .…”

Section: Origami Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure c shows a top‐view SEM image of a wrinkle electrode with a miniaturized surface area of about 84% after the shrinking process. These electrode biosensors have been proved to be sensitive to DNA molecules and glucose by employing electrocatalytic measurements …”

Section: Origami Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origami Biosystems: 3D Assembly Methods for Biomedical Applications

et al. 2018

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Conventional assembly of biosystems has relied on bottom‐up techniques, such as directed aggregation, or top‐down techniques, such as layer‐by‐layer integration, using advanced lithographic and additive manufacturing processes. However, these methods often fail to mimic the complex three dimensional (3D) microstructure of naturally occurring biomachinery, cells, and organisms regarding assembly throughput, precision, material heterogeneity, and resolution. Pop‐up, buckling, and self‐folding methods, reminiscent of paper origami, allow the high‐throughput assembly of static or reconfigurable biosystems of relevance to biosensors, biomicrofluidics, cell and tissue engineering, drug delivery, and minimally invasive surgery. The universal principle in these assembly methods is the engineering of intrinsic or extrinsic forces to cause local or global shape changes via bending, curving, or folding resulting in the final 3D structure. The forces can result from stresses that are engineered either during or applied externally after synthesis or fabrication. The methods facilitate the high‐throughput assembly of biosystems in simultaneously micro or nanopatterned and layered geometries that can be challenging if not impossible to assemble by alternate methods. The authors classify methods based on length scale and biologically relevant applications; examples of significant advances and future challenges are highlighted.

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Shrink and Wrinkle – Thermally Responsive Substrates for Thin‐Film Structuring

González‐Martínez

Moran‐Mirabal

2022

Smart Stimuli‐Responsive Polymers, Films, and Gels

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Nanoporous and wrinkled electrodes enhance the sensitivity of glucose biosensors

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Progress of shrink polymer micro- and nanomanufacturing

Progress of shrink polymer micro- and nanomanufacturing

Origami Biosystems: 3D Assembly Methods for Biomedical Applications

Shrink and Wrinkle – Thermally Responsive Substrates for Thin‐Film Structuring

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