Nanoporous Gold Stacked Layers as Substrates for SERS Detection in Liquids or Gases with Ultralow Detection Limits and Long-Term Stability

Shahine, Issraa; Mevellec, Jean‐Yves; Richard‐Plouet, Mireille; Humbert, Bernard

doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c05903

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…For the dealloyed films, the observed porosity is attributed to the removal of copper atoms from the alloy combined with the Au surface diffusion process during the dealloying, resulting in the formation of a planar gold skeleton consisting of nanopores and interconnected nanoligaments . For the transferred pure Au films, the formation of pores and ligaments for the 13 nm-Au transferred sample is attributed to the reorganization of the very thin Au layer during the etching of Cu sacrificial layer as it has already been observed in previous works. , Indeed, below a few tens of nm in thickness, the thermodynamic instability leads to a reorganization of their nanostructure . On the other hand, thicker films are thermodynamically more stable.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…30 For the transferred pure Au films, the formation of pores and ligaments for the 13 nm-Au transferred sample is attributed to the reorganization of the very thin Au layer during the etching of Cu sacrificial layer as it has already been observed in previous works. 37,38 Indeed, below a few tens of nm in thickness, the thermodynamic instability leads to a reorganization of their nanostructure. 39 On the other hand, thicker films are thermodynamically more stable.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another option is to use a pure Au layer deposited on a Cu sacrificial layer. In this case, if the pure Au layer is thin enough, a reorganization into a nanoporous material happens during the Cu etching. , In this last case, the reorganization is due to the thermodynamic instability of such an ultrathin layer …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, if the pure Au layer is thin enough, a reorganization into a nanoporous material happens during the Cu etching. 37,38 In this last case, the reorganization is due to the thermodynamic instability of such an ultrathin layer. 39 The oxidation of the metal to be removed, copper in this work, is usually done with acid solutions.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large Area Freestanding Au Nanoporous Ultrathin Films Transfer Printed on Bendable Substrates and 3D Surfaces for Flexible Electronics

Shahine,

Hatte,

Harnois

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Conductive films based on metal nanomaterials have been studied as electrical interconnects for flexible electronics. Among them, freestanding ultrathin films are flexible, making them ideal candidates for integration onto 3D surfaces with complex shapes. Nevertheless, obtaining self-supported films of a few tens of nm with an area of several cm 2 without breaking them is difficult. The solution proposed in this work is to get the films floating on the water surface before transferring them to 3D flexible surfaces by a water transfer printing process. Herein, we report the fabrication of stable and homogeneous Au nanoporous films with a thickness range of 6−60 nm and a floating surface area of several tens of cm 2 on the water surface. The process combines Au and Cu magnetron sputtering deposition, Cu dealloying, and etching in acid vapor. We show that the transfer of such ultrathin films with a large area from the water surface onto the surface of flat flexible substrates or 3D surfaces is possible, maintaining conformability without significant electrical conductivity degradation. The thinnest films have a sheet resistance of about 10 Ω/□ with a transparency of about 50% at 550 nm. Because of their specific nanostructuration consisting of nanopores and interconnected nanoligaments, these films transferred to flexible flat surfaces can withstand bending for at least 3000 cycles with a curvature radius of 1 mm. Moreover, we show that a transfer of a design to a complex curved surface of 3D objects is possible using a 6 nm layer, whose role is to keep the geometry of the design during the transfer process.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large Area Freestanding Au Nanoporous Ultrathin Films Transfer Printed on Bendable Substrates and 3D Surfaces for Flexible Electronics

Shahine,

Hatte,

Harnois

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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“…The behavior of the SERS response is comparable to that reported in the literature and can be related to the adsorption isotherm curve of RhB [ 49 – 50 ]. The plateau in the SERS response observed between 10 −8 and 10 −10 mol·L −1 can be assigned to either the saturation of the chemical sites (i.e., no supplementary absorption is made) or to the fact that RhB continued to be absorbed outside of the hot spot [ 6 , 51 ]. Comparing the integrated intensity of the RhB peak, it can be observed that the intensity of the signal is lower for the sample dealloyed in H 3 PO 4 than that for the sample dealloyed in HCl.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

Chauvin¹,

Puglisi²,

Thiry³

et al. 2023

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Nanostructured noble metal thin films are highly studied for their interesting plasmonic properties. The latter can be effectively used for the detection of small and highly diluted molecules by the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect. Regardless of impressive detection limits achieved, synthesis complexity and the high cost of gold restrict its use in devices. Here, we report on a novel two-step approach that combines the deposition of a silver–aluminum thin film with dealloying to design and fabricate efficient SERS platforms. The magnetron sputtering technique was used for the deposition of the alloy thin film to be dealloyed. After dealloying, the resulting silver nanoporous structures revealed two degrees of porosity: macroporosity, associated to the initial alloy morphology, and nanoporosity, related to the dealloying step. The resulting nanoporous columnar structure was finely optimized by tuning deposition (i.e., the alloy chemical composition) and dealloying (i.e., dealloying media) parameters to reach the best SERS properties. These are reported for samples dealloyed in HCl and with 30 atom % of silver at the initial state with a detection limit down to 10−10 mol·L−1 for a solution of rhodamine B.

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Optical-Switch Raman Spectroscopy for High Throughput Screening

Lee

Choi

et al. 2023

BioChip J

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Although surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful analytical technique with unbeaten sensitivity, the capabilities of SERS have been not fully utilized in screening applications because throughput of spectrum detection by conventional Raman instruments has been restricted due to their single-point measurement manners. Hence, this paper presents a development of a high throughput Raman screening system that employs a fiber-optic switch and a Raman probe array. In the system, a 785 nm excitation light is directed into the 1 × 8 broadband optical switching device and selectively switched to one of 8 output ports connected to the corresponding Raman probe array to deliver the light to samples under each probe. This optical switching driven probing in sequence allows us to rapidly detect Raman scattering of the multiple (n = 8) samples in array within a short time (~ 28 s) with decent sensitivity (10–7 M). The Raman spectroscopy of the system is validated by comparing the features of Raman spectra obtained from vitamin C tablets with those from a commercial Raman microscope and the detection sensitivity is measured with SERS substrates with different concentrations. Then, feasibility of high throughput screening is tested with a SERS chip array.

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Nanoporous Gold Stacked Layers as Substrates for SERS Detection in Liquids or Gases with Ultralow Detection Limits and Long-Term Stability

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

Large Area Freestanding Au Nanoporous Ultrathin Films Transfer Printed on Bendable Substrates and 3D Surfaces for Flexible Electronics

Large Area Freestanding Au Nanoporous Ultrathin Films Transfer Printed on Bendable Substrates and 3D Surfaces for Flexible Electronics

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

Optical-Switch Raman Spectroscopy for High Throughput Screening

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