Nanoporous Metal Papers for Scalable Hierarchical Electrode

Fujita, Takeshi; Kanoko, Yasuhiro; Ito, Yoshikazu; Chen, Luyang; Hirata, Akihiko; Kashani, Hamzeh; Iwatsu, Osamu; Chen, Ming-Wei

doi:10.1002/advs.201500086

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, the results also prove that not only interface area plays a significant role in the actuation behaviour but also geometrical factors such as pore channel diameters, where larger diameters reduce the specific interface area but improve ion transport and electric field distribution. From this point of view, hierarchical nanoporous structures [21,22,45] seem especially promising.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functionalisation of metal–polymer-nanocomposites: Chemoelectromechanical coupling and charge carrier transport

Wilmers

Bargmann

2018

Extreme Mechanics Letters

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a b s t r a c tElectrochemical actuation in nanoporous metals is achieved by impregnation of the material's pore space with a ionic conductor, typically an aqueous electrolyte. These hybrid actuators exhibit fully reversible deformation and mechanical properties that can be controlled by electric signals. Recently, set-ups have been proposed in which the nanoporous metal's surface is additionally coated with a conjugated polymer, resulting in a nanocomposite that exhibits strongly increased actuation strains compared to the pure metal while still retaining the mechanical strength of the metal backbone.In order to exploit the full potential of these nanocomposite actuators, a detailed understanding of the underlying ion transport mechanisms and means to predict the actuator's response are necessary. We present an interface-extended continuum mechanical model to study actuation in pure nanoporous gold and nanoporous gold-polypyrrole nanocomposites. Simulations predict significantly enhanced actuation strains due to the presence of the polymer phase and show that both, the nanocomposite's structure and the ions' mobilities, greatly affect the actuator's response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…actuation [21,22]. Furthermore, actuation in polypyrrole and other conjugated polymers strongly depends on the mobilities of the ions, to the extent that with different ions the same applied potential can result in either shrinking or expansion of the polymer [17].…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalisation of metal–polymer-nanocomposites: Chemoelectromechanical coupling and charge carrier transport

Wilmers

Bargmann

2018

Extreme Mechanics Letters

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“…This sequential dealloying process was later applied to porous sheets of a Ag-Au alloy to generate tri-modal porous structures. [93] Qiu et al [94] also exploited the difference in electrochemical behavior between elements in a study, where the difference in corrosive behaviors between Cu and Mn can be used to develop a nested Ni pore structure from a Mn-Cu-Ni alloy. Their study followed the same steps as Qi and Weissmuller, where the precursor alloy was first dealloyed, the ligaments coarsened, and then a final dealloying achieved the second level of porosity.…”

Section: Dealloyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoporous Metals with Structural Hierarchy: A Review

et al. 2017

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Nanoporous (np) metals have generated much interest since they combine several desirable material characteristics, such as high surface area, mechanical size effects, and high conductivity. Most of the research has been focused on np Au due to its relatively straightforward synthesis, chemical stability, and many promising applications in the fields of catalysis and actuation. Other materials, such as np-Cu, Ag, and Pd have also been studied. This review discusses recent advances in the field of np metals, focusing on new research areas that implement and leverage structural hierarchy while using np metals as their base structural constituents. First, we focus on single-element porous metals that are made of np metals at the fundamental level, but synthesized with additional levels of porosity. Second, we discuss the fabrication of composite structures, which use auxiliary materials to enhance the properties of np metals. Important applications of these hierarchical materials, especially in the fields of catalysis and electrochemistry, are also reviewed. Finally, we conclude with a discussion about future opportunities for the advancement and application of np metals.

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“…In the third strategy, a bi-modal nanoporous structure can be fabricated from two-phase precursors via one-step dealloying, but this approach also limits the utilized metal systems to two-phase precursors. Therefore, we have developed an innovative combination of the advanced powder metallurgy and dealloying to create hierarchical porous Au-Ag and Ni-Mn electrodes using Japanese ‘Washi’ paper as a template [ 104 ]. As a result, a bi-modal porous structure was produced from metallized papers via one-step dealloying, while a tri-modal porous structure was fabricated for the first time through the two-step dealloying of Au-Ag.…”

Section: Versatile Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical nanoporous metals as a path toward the ultimate three-dimensional functionality

Fujita

2017

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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Nanoporous metals prepared via dealloying or selective leaching of solid solution alloys and compounds represent an emerging class of materials. They possess a three-dimensional (3D) structure of randomly interpenetrating ligaments/nanopores with sizes between 5 nm and several tens of micrometers, which can be tuned by varying their preparation conditions (such as dealloying time and temperature) or additional thermal coarsening. As compared to other nanostructured materials, nanoporous metals have many advantages, including their bicontinuous structure, tunable pore sizes, bulk form, good electrical conductivity, and high structural stability. Therefore, nanoporous metals represent ideal 3D materials with versatile functionality, which can be utilized in various fields. In this review, we describe the recent applications of nanoporous metals in molecular detection, catalysis, 3D graphene synthesis, hierarchical pore formation, and additive manufacturing (3D printing) together with our own achievements in these areas. Finally, we discuss possible ways of realizing the ultimate 3D functionality beyond the scope of nanoporous metals.

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Nanoporous Metal Papers for Scalable Hierarchical Electrode

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Functionalisation of metal–polymer-nanocomposites: Chemoelectromechanical coupling and charge carrier transport

Functionalisation of metal–polymer-nanocomposites: Chemoelectromechanical coupling and charge carrier transport

Nanoporous Metals with Structural Hierarchy: A Review

Hierarchical nanoporous metals as a path toward the ultimate three-dimensional functionality

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