Nanoporous nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon hollow spheres with enhanced electrochemical properties

Abstract

Integration of the high atomic percentage of the nitrogen atom in a graphitic carbon framework is a highly demanding issue because of its advantages to improve the functions of nanocarbon...

Block Copolymer-Directed Facile Synthesis of N-Doped Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon for Reliable, High-Performance Zn Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor

“…The surface nitrogen content was measured to be ∼4 at% (Figure S4 and Table S1), which is comparable with the reported values. 30,41,58 The C 1s XPS shows the peaks at 284.4, 285.2, 286.2, and 287.5 eV correspond to sp 3 , sp 2 hybridized carbon, C−O bond, and C�N bond, respectively (Figure 4b). The contents of sp 3 and sp 2 carbons were calculated as 50.7 and 20.1%, respectively, which means that a large amount of graphitic carbon is distributed in the amorphous carbon matrix.…”

“…Ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) are promising cathode materials because of their high surface area, large pore volume, and tunable pore size. − In addition, their interconnected porous structure allows efficient ionic transport during charge/discharge. Despite these advantages, the low electrical conductivity of the carbon framework limits effective electron transport throughout the structure, resulting in low rate capability. − To solve these issues, graphitization of the framework of the OMCs is often used, because it improves capacitance per carbon surface area and rate capability by increasing electrical conductivity. ,− Furthermore, introducing hetero atoms (e.g., B, N, O, P, or S) to the surface of the OMCs is also effective for further enhancing the specific capacitance while maintaining the rate capability of the carbon materials. − Among various atoms, nitrogen doping is the most popular, because the presence of lone pair electrons improves the electrical conductivity and surface affinity with aqueous electrolytes, resulting in enhancements of electron and ion transport within the electrode material. − Additionally, nitrogen-containing groups enhance the capacitance through a pseudocapacitive reaction with electrolyte ions. − Because simultaneous implementation of graphitization and nitrogen doping to the OMCs can enhance the energy storage performance, many research groups have synthesized N-doped mesoporous graphitic carbon. − …”

Multiwavelength Raman spectroelectrochemical study of poly(N-methylaniline): An overview

“…A composite of redoped PNMA and multiwalled carbon nanotubes was prepared and used as an active material for creating of a highly selective and sensitive electrochemical sensor for dopamine, that can be used even in the presence of some interfering species [2]. Nanoporous graphitic nitrogen-doped carbon hollow spheres were prepared via the direct pyrolysis of nanostructured PNMA, and enhanced electrochemistry-related properties of the resulting material were reported, including a high specific capacitance with no loss even after 5,000 cycles of charging-discharging, and an efficient electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction [3]. In order to increase the electric conductivity of PNMA based materials, a special process of synthesis leading to hollow-sphered PNMA nanoparticles with increased conductivity was elaborated [4].…”

Nitrogen Self-Doping Carbon Derived from Functionalized Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) (PVDF) for Supercapacitor and Adsorption Application

“…Carbon has been widely used for electrode materials for supercapacitors due to moderate cost and superior electrochemical stability [ 21 , 22 ]. Moreover, carbon cannot offer higher capacitance due to the poor conductivity.…”