Nanoporous sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride microrods: A durable catalyst for visible-light-driven H 2 evolution

Feng, Liangliang; Zou, Yongcun; Li, Chunguang; Gao, Shuang; Zhou, Liping; Sun, Qiong; Fan, Meihong; Wang, Huijie; Wang, Dejun; Li, Guodong; Zou, Xiaoxin

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.07.160

Cited by 134 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…1a exhibits that a similar crystalline structure is detected for CN and CN-S with the diffraction peaks at ca. 12.71 and 27.31, indexed as (100) of the in-plane packing and (002) of the lamellar stacking of g-C 3 N 4 , respectively [10]. Compared with CN, the latter peak of CN-S shifts from 27.31 to 27.11, corresponding to an increase in the interlayer stacking distance by 0.002 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One-step synthesis of sulfur-doped and nitrogen-deficient g-C3N4 photocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen evolution under visible light

et al. 2015

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the various modifications, sulfur doping is proved to be effective to narrow down the bandgap and improve the photoreactivity of g-C 3 N 4 [10,11]. As is known, electronegativity of S is lower than that of N. Namely, S-doping levels generally locate above the valence band maximum (VBM) of the doped g-C 3 N 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-step synthesis of sulfur-doped and nitrogen-deficient g-C3N4 photocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen evolution under visible light

et al. 2015

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“…In purpose of improving the utilization efficiency of g-C 3 N 4 , tremendous efforts have been devoted to the design of its electronic structure or construction, taking advantage of its proper bandgap (2.7eV), the tri-s-triazine ring structure with high thermal and chemical stability, and its simple and convenient synthetic routes 8,9 . Example include introducing nonmetal ions into matrix such as boron 12 , fluorine 13 and sulfur doping 14,15 , showing the red shift absorption spectrum accompanied by the greatly improved photo-catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution 16 and organic-pollutant degradation 17 . Among the various modifications, the nonmetal ions doping of g-C 3 N 4 is considered to be the efficient routine that could narrow down the bandgap and enhance the visible-light absorption of g-C 3 N 4 , leading to the red shift of the absorption edge and its luminescence.…”

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confidence: 99%

Engineering the electronic structure and optical properties of g-C₃N₄ by non-metal ion doping

et al. 2016

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Abstract：：：：Graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) modified with different nonmetal ions (boron and sulfur) was synthesized by directly heating the mixture of melamine and dopant with continuous doping concentration. The effect of doping ion and its concentration on the structural and optical properties of the samples were investigated in detail. Surprisingly, with the doping concentration increasing, unexpected relative blue shift was determined in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the doped-g-C 3 N 4 , showing an enhancement in the bandgap which isn't in agreement with the typical red-shifts in PL spectra of nonmetal ions doped g-C 3 N 4 . To investigate this interesting variation in PL, Density functional theory (DFT) has been carried out and a possible mechanism for the nonmetal ion-modified g-C 3 N 4 system was proposed. It supposed that the blue shift of those nonmetal ions doped g-C 3 N 4 could be mainly attributed to the doping-induced electronic redistribution and structural reconstruction. Experiments SynthesisA series of ion-doped g-C 3 N 4 samples were prepared by a simple thermal condensation method through calcinating the mixture of melamine and doping ions (B and S), employing boric acid and thiourea as the single-source precursor, respectively. In a typical procedure, desired amount of dopant powder dissolved in 10ml of distilled water was mixed with 12.0 g melamine powders. The solution was then dried at 80 o C under stirring to remove the solvent. The resulting mixtures were put into a 20 ml ceramic crucible with a cover, heated to 600 o C for 2h with a rate of 4 o C min -1 in a quartz tube furnace with flowing-nitrogen atmosphere (N 2 , 99.999%, 75-150 sscm). After cooling down naturally to room temperature, the final products were collected and denoted as CNY (Y=B, S). The designed B content increased from 0.5 wt% to 3.0 wt% and the S content for all samples was 0.1~1.0 wt%, considering that the doping ability of B is relatively weaker. The as-prepared samples were labeled as CNY-x (Y stood for the doping atom and x represent the nominal doping concentration of dopant). For comparison, pure g-C 3 N 4 has been performed by pyrolysis of melamine upon the same heating treatments. The raw materials including melamine, boric acid and thiourea were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (SCR) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China. All the chemicals mentioned above were analytical grade and used as received. CharacterizationThe X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the products were recorded on a D8 advance X-ray diffractometer (Bruker, Switzerland) using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.54060 Å). The morphology of the samples was determined by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM, Nova NanoSEM430, FEI, Netherlands). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were obtained on a Nicolette 6700 FIIR

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“…From above description, work corresponding to S‐solely doped carbonaceous photocatalysts is really scarce. However, the N,S‐dual‐doped carbonaceous photocatalysts, S‐doped g‐C 3 N 4 , have attracted great attention, and some fruitful results have been achieved ,,,, The preparation and physicochemical properties of S‐doped carboncarous photocatalysts are summarized in Table .…”

Section: Heteroatoms Co‐doped Carbonaceous Photocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Feng et al. prepared rod‐like S‐doped g‐C 3 N 4 (CN‐MT) with a length of 5–10 μm and rough surface composed of spatially interconnected nanosheets (Figure a–c) through supramolecular preorganization of a melamine with trithiocyanuric acid followed by thermal polymerization . The homogeneous distribution of C and S in the carbon matrix was confirmed by elemental mapping images (Figure d–f).…”

Section: Heteroatoms Co‐doped Carbonaceous Photocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heteroatom‐Doped Carbonaceous Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Production and Environmental Remediation

Zhao

Zhang

2017

ChemCatChem

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Photocatalytic solar energy conversion and environmental remediation including water splitting, CO2 reduction, and pollutant degradation have attracted rapidly growing attention, owing to global fossil fuel depletion and increasing environmental issues. From the viewpoint of the broad availability, good environmental acceptability, high corrosion resistance, as well as the readily tailorable microstructure, electronic structure and surface chemical properties, carbonaceous materials have been demonstrated as promising and sustainable low‐cost metal‐free alternatives to metal‐based photocatalysts for solar fuel production and pollutant degradation. The non‐metallic heteroatoms doping approach has been considered as a powerful tool for modulating electronic structure, morphology, surface structure and surface chemistry, textural properties, optical properties, and electrochemical properties, as well as catalytic properties of carbonaceous photocatalysts. This Review represents a comprehensive overview of the latest advance in preparation and physicochemical properties of diverse non‐metallic heteroatoms‐doped carbonaceous materials, as well as their applications in heterogeneous photocatalysis towards solar energy conversion and environmental remediation. The physicochemical properties and photocatalytic performance of the carbonaceous photocatalysts are carefully compared, as well as a brief overview of fundamental principles for the promoting effect of heteroatoms‐doping is also presented. In addition, the future perspectives on the opportunities and challenges of heteroatoms doping for fabricating novel and excellent carbonaceous photocatalysts are outlined.

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Nanoporous sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride microrods: A durable catalyst for visible-light-driven H 2 evolution

Cited by 134 publications

References 19 publications

One-step synthesis of sulfur-doped and nitrogen-deficient g-C3N4 photocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen evolution under visible light

One-step synthesis of sulfur-doped and nitrogen-deficient g-C3N4 photocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen evolution under visible light

Engineering the electronic structure and optical properties of g-C₃N₄ by non-metal ion doping

Heteroatom‐Doped Carbonaceous Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Production and Environmental Remediation

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Nanoporous sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride microrods: A durable catalyst for visible-light-driven H 2 evolution

Cited by 134 publications

References 19 publications

One-step synthesis of sulfur-doped and nitrogen-deficient g-C3N4 photocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen evolution under visible light

One-step synthesis of sulfur-doped and nitrogen-deficient g-C3N4 photocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen evolution under visible light

Engineering the electronic structure and optical properties of g-C3N4 by non-metal ion doping

Heteroatom‐Doped Carbonaceous Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Production and Environmental Remediation

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Engineering the electronic structure and optical properties of g-C₃N₄ by non-metal ion doping