Nanoscale dry friction: Dependence on load and sliding velocity

Weiss, Marek; Majchrzycki, Łukasz; Borkowska, Ewelina; Cichomski, M.; Ptak, Arkadiusz

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2021.107133

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…When the thermal activation is considered in the model, researchers found a linear relationship between F f and   0 ln V V [23]. Equation (5) shows the mathematical expression when the temperature effect is involved [20]:…”

Section: Prandtl-tomlinson Friction Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kim et al [19] studied the relation of the friction force with the loading condition. Weiss et al [20] examined the relationship between the friction force of the SiO x -trichloro (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) silane friction pair and the sliding velocity. The materials of the contact pairs were found to play an essential role in the friction behaviour as well [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nano friction behaviour between magnetic materials and copper considering the inter-diffusion effect

Li,

Dou,

Yang

et al. 2024

Friction

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Copper, permalloy, cobalt, and silicon are the materials that have been widely utilised in magnetic devices. When the size of interest is down to the nanoscale, the inter-diffusion between certain materials becomes influential. This paper studies the nanoscale friction characteristics between frictional pairs with and without inter-diffusion properties through the atomic force microscope. The distinct evolution features of nanoscale friction force when inter-diffusion is involved are discovered experimentally, which is also confirmed through theoretical analysis. Firstly, through the thin film deposition method, four pairs of contact materials (Cu–Ni81Fe19, Si–Ni81Fe19, Cu–Co, Cu–Si) are designed for friction tests, in which diffusion occurs at the interface of Cu–Ni81Fe19 pair. Then, the effects of sliding velocity and loading force on the nano friction of each pair are measured. It is found that regardless of the diffusion phenomenon: (1) the adhesion force values exhibit a notable correlation to the values of the friction force; (2) the friction force in all four material pairs consistently increases with the growth of the normal loading force, although the growth rate may differ. In terms of the sliding velocity effect, the friction forces of immiscible materials (Si–Ni81Fe19, Cu–Co, and Cu–Si) are found to increase with the increasing sliding velocity. However, the friction force of Cu–Ni81Fe19, decreases with the increasing sliding velocity. Furthermore, a compositive friction model considering both the velocity and the normal force effect was proposed, which shows good agreement with the experimental results and explains the nano friction behaviour of both miscible and immiscible metals.

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Section: Prandtl-tomlinson Friction Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano friction behaviour between magnetic materials and copper considering the inter-diffusion effect

Li,

Dou,

Yang

et al. 2024

Friction

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“…Although the law that friction is independent of the sliding velocity is commonly verified on the macroscale, the sliding velocity is of importance in nanoscale friction . The friction in the nanoscale varies logarithmically with sliding velocity. − The logarithmic dependence of friction is explained by the modified Tomlinson model, which is based on reaction rate theory . Generally, as the sliding velocity increases, the time that the atom resides in the low-energy state shortens, weakening the effect of the thermal energy on the thermal vibration of the atom.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Velocity-Dependent Friction of Graphene at Electrical Contact Interfaces

et al. 2023

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Graphene has enormous potential as a solid lubricant at sliding electrical contact interfaces of micro-/nanoelectromechanical systems that suffer severe wear. Understanding the velocity-dependent friction of graphene under different applied voltages contributes to the application of graphene in sliding electrical contact scenarios. The friction of graphene, measured by conductive atomic force microscopy, under low applied voltage increases logarithmically with sliding velocity�the same as when no voltage is applied but at a faster rate of increase. The variation of friction was explained by the thermally activated Prandtl−Tomlinson model with increased potential barrier and temperature because of the applied voltage. An opposite trend in which friction decreases with sliding velocity is observed under high applied voltage. Topography, adhesion measurements, and SEM characterization demonstrate the wear of the tip. Moreover, the tip wears more severely at low sliding velocity compared to a high sliding velocity. It was interpreted that the excessive Joule heat at the electrical contact interface under high applied voltage weakens the mechanical properties of the tip, resulting in wear and high friction. The increase in the sliding velocity could accelerate the Joule heat transfer and reduce wear and friction. The studies provide beneficial guidelines for the design of graphene-lubricated sliding electrical contact interfaces.

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“…The factors affecting the tribological characteristics of the friction pair surface include relative speed, load, lubricating medium, surface characteristics, temperature field and metal matrix composites [28][29][30][31]. Surface property is one of the key factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Laser Groove Texture Collation Frequency on Tribological Properties of 0Cr17Ni7Al Stainless Steel

Yang

Gao

et al. 2022

Materials

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Laser surface texture is very effective in antifriction systems, but its applications and research in dry friction are not enough. In this study, the groove texture was prepared on the surface of 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel, a common material of sliding bearing, by nanosecond and femtosecond laser, respectively. The tribological properties of the two kinds of laser groove textures with different collision frequencies were studied in depth. The results show that the friction coefficients of groove texture prepared by nanosecond and picosecond lasers are lower than that of the untextured surface. The antifriction characteristics of the laser texture are very good. The average friction coefficient of nanosecond texture at the rotation radius of 15 mm is Z = 0.7318. The best friction-reducing effect is achieved. In general, the friction coefficient of nanosecond texture is lower than that of picosecond texture. When the friction radius is 22.5 mm and the number of collisions is 24,000, the lowest picosecond texture wear rate is H = 3.342 × 10−4 mm3/N·mm. However, when the radius is 15 mm and the collision frequency is 36,000 times, the wear rate of nanosecond texture reaches the highest H = 13.680 × 10−4 mm3/N·mm. The wear rate of the untextured surface has been exceeded. It can be seen that not all rotation radius textures are more wear-resistant than untextured surfaces. In addition, nanosecond groove texture and picosecond groove texture seem to produce different tribological properties. It is found that, under the same friction experimental conditions, different collision frequencies will affect the friction and wear properties of nanosecond and picosecond groove-textured surfaces.

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Nanoscale dry friction: Dependence on load and sliding velocity

Cited by 22 publications

References 46 publications

Nano friction behaviour between magnetic materials and copper considering the inter-diffusion effect

Nano friction behaviour between magnetic materials and copper considering the inter-diffusion effect

Velocity-Dependent Friction of Graphene at Electrical Contact Interfaces

Effect of Different Laser Groove Texture Collation Frequency on Tribological Properties of 0Cr17Ni7Al Stainless Steel

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