The ability to generate and transplant functional tissue constructs, through the artificial engineering of biological tissues, may provide a solution for a number of biomedical challenges. However, several clinically viable tissue engineering products having been created, limitations such as the lack of a suitable cell source and the inability to generate three‐dimensional (3‐D) tissues with sufficient complexity and functional properties, greatly hinders us from realizing the full potential of tissue engineering. Recently, nanotechnology has been used for tissue engineering by generating materials and devices that can mimic the organization and structure of native tissues or direct cell function. In this chapter we will discuss the use of nanoengineered systems and nanomaterials for generating 3‐D tissues, for controlling stem cell differentiation, as well as analyzing the resultant constructs
in vitro
and
in vivo
. The application of nanotechnology for biological studies, as well as drug screening and diagnostics, will also be discussed.